The Four Seals of the Dharma. Lama Khenpo Karma Ngedön

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      The Four Seals of the Dharma

      Lama Khenpo Karma Ngedön

      The Philosophers collection presents Buddhism’s fundamental ideas in the form of short, clear themed works. It makes the necessary elements for informed knowledge of Buddhism according to the various traditions accessible.

      The Four Seals of the Dharma

      Lama Khenpo Karma Ngedön

      With a Preface by Professor Sempa Dorje

      Translated from the French by Jourdie Ross

       The Philosophers

      RABSEL

      Éditions

      ORIGINAL TITLE : Les quatres sceaux du dharma

      ©Rabsel Editions 2018

      Special thanks from the English translator to Marjorie Erickson.

      All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced, stored in or introduced in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means (electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise) without the prior written permission from the publisher, except for the inclusion of brief quotations in a review or for the private use of readers.

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      This project was supported by the DRAC and Normandy Region under the FADEL Normandie, France.

      © Rabsel Éditions, La Remuée, France, 2021

      e-ISBN 978-2-36017-030-2

      Table of Contents

      Preface by Professor Sempa Dorje

       A Warning to the Reader

       Prologue

       An Invitation to the Reader

       Introduction

       I. All Conditioned Phenomena Are Impermanent by Nature

       The Reflection and Meditation on Impermanence

       The Importance of the Meditation on Impermanence in the Beginning of Practice

       The Importance of the Meditation on Impermanence During Practice

       The Importance of Meditation on Impermanence at the End of Practice

       The Two Forms of Impermanence

       Gross Impermanence

       Subtle Impermanence

       Q&A

       II. All Contaminated Phenomena Are Suffering by Nature

       The Different Types of Suffering

       The Suffering of Birth, Sickness, Old Age, and Death

       The Suffering of Experiencing What We Do Not Wish For

       The Suffering of Being Unable to Obtain What We Desire

       The Three Basic Forms of Suffering

       The Suffering of the Six Realms of Samsara

       The Importance of the Reflection on Liberation from Suffering

       The Root of Suffering

       Q&A

       III. All Phenomena Are Empty and Devoid of Inherent Existence

       Analysis of Inner Phenomena: The I and the Aggregates

       The Identification of I with the Aggregates

       The Identification of the I with a Name

       The Identification of the I with the Sensory Organs

       Identification of the I with the Sensations

       Analysis of Outer Phenomena

       The Mistaken Separation Between the Subject that Perceives and the Perceiving Object

       All Outer Phenomena Are Like the Images of a Dream

       The Inseparability of the Object’s Appearance and Its Emptiness

       The Method for Meditating on the Four Seals of the Dharma

       Meditation Posture

       Generating