Temporomandibular Disorders. Robin J. M. Gray

18 Bruxism: Current Knowledge of Aetiology and Management Aetiology of bruxism Definition of bruxism Bruxism and TMD Why bruxism (parafunction) is potentially damaging? How much evidence about the efficacy of botulinum toxins on bruxism? How can bruxism be managed? Further reading Evidence‐based dentistry

      27  19 Splint Therapy for the Management of TMD Patients: An Evidence‐Based Discussion Stabilisation splint (SS) Are occlusal splints effective for treating sleep bruxism? Anterior repositioning splint (ARPS) Do occlusal contacts change following splint therapy? Mandibular advancement/snoring appliances Further Reading Evidence‐based Dentistry

      28  20 Patient Information Stabilisation splint Anterior repositioning splint Use and care of occlusal bite splint General advice for patients with a TMD Exercise programme for patients with TMD Vertical movement Lateral movement Protrusive movement

      29  Appendix I Flowcharts

      30  Appendix II Glossary of Terms Further Reading

      31  Appendix III Short Answer Questions

      32  Index

      33  WILEY END USER LICENSE AGREEMENT

      List of Tables

      1 Chapter 19Table 19.1 The mean total number of occlusal contacts at first and third reviews...

      2 Chapter 20Table 20.1 Diet for patients with temporomandibular disorders.

      List of Illustrations

      1 Chapter 2Figure 2.1 The temporomandibular jointFigure 2.2 The four distinct zones described in the articular surface of the...Figure 2.3 The joint capsuleFigure 2.4 The position of stylomandibular ligament.Figure 2.5 The position of sphenomandibular ligament.Figure 2.6 Diagram of disc morphology.Figure 2.7 Sagittal section of porcine temporomandibular joint. As in human ...Figure 2.8 The mandibular condyle.Figure 2.9 The articular part of the temporal bone.Figure 2.10 The masseter muscle.Figure 2.11 The temporalis muscle.Figure 2.12 The lateral pterygoid muscle (a) (Courtesy of Dr Paul Rea and Ca...Figure 2.13 Medial pterygoid showing ramus of mandible sectioned: medial pte...Figure 2.14 Cervical muscles.Figure 2.15 The mylohyoid muscle.Figure 2.16 The infrahyoid and suprahyoid muscles.Figure 2.17 The sternocleidomastoid muscle.Figure 2.18 (a, b) Radiological (mass anterior to left condyle) and occlusal...Figure 2.19 (a) Psoriasis skin condition; (b) excised condyle of a patient w...

      2 Chapter 3Figure 3.1 Measurement of incisal opening.Figure 3.2 Measurement of lateral jaw movement.Figure 3.3 Diagrammatic representation of mandibular movements.Figure 3.4 (a, b) Transient mandibular deviation during opening.Figure 3.5 Lasting deviation to the left. (a) Mouth closed; centre lines coi...Figure 3.6 Lateral palpation of the temporomandibular joint.Figure 3.7 Intra‐auricular palpation of the temporomandibular joint.Figure 3.8 (a) Palpation of the origin and (b) insertion of the masseter....Figure 3.9 Palpation of the anterior vertical fibres of the temporalis.Figure 3.10 (a) Examination of lateral pterygoid muscle against vertical res...Figure 3.11 (a) A stereo‐stethoscope used for listening to the temporomandib...Figure 3.12 (a) Attrition, (b) tongue scalloping, and (c) cheek ridging seen...Figure 3.13 The difference between (a) centric relation and (b) centric occl...Figure