limited (given the need for early CT imaging, which is not routinely conducted prior to oral refeeding), and its presence leads to categorization of the episode of AP as moderately severe (and not mild) according to the Revised Atlanta Classification [30].
Table 11.2 Characteristics of studies included in systematic review.
Author
Year
Setting
Study design
Total no. of AP patients included
No. of AP patients included in meta‐analysis
Age, mean
Sex, no. (%)
Etiology, no. (%)
Male
Female
Biliary
Alcohol
Other
Bakker et al. [21]
2014
Netherlands
Multicenter randomized controlled trial
205
104
65
59 (57)
45 (43)
56 (54)
23 (22)
25 (24)
Chebli et al. [15]
2005
Brazil
Multicenter prospective observational study
130
130
47
67 (52)
63 (48)
60 (46)
42 (32)
28 (22)
Ciok et al. [27]
2003
Poland
Prospective observational study
214
214
46
102 (48)
112 (52)
106 (50)
62 (29)
46 (21)
Eckerwall et al. [28]
2006
Sweden
Retrospective observational study
99
99
60
64 (65)
35 (35)
31 (31)
30 (30)
38 (38)
Eckerwall et al. [2]
2007
Sweden
Randomized controlled trial
60
30
52
14 (47)
16 (53)
14 (47)
5 (17)
11 (37)
Francisco et al. [14]
2012
Spain
Retrospective observational study
232
232
74
122 (53)
110 (47)
150 (65)
25 (11)
57 (24)
Jacobson et al. [5]
2007
USA
Randomized controlled trial
121
66
47
34 (52)
32 (48)
15 (23)
19 (29)
32 (48)
Lariño‐Noia et al. [14]
2014
Spain
Randomized controlled trial
72
17
69
8 (47)
9 (53)
9 (53)
3 (18)
5 (29)
Levy et al. [16]
1997
France
Multicenter prospective observational study
116
116
51
74 (64)
42 (36)
54 (47)
36 (31)
26 (22)
Levy et al. [26]
2004
France
Multicenter nonrandomized trial
23
—
51
15 (65)
8 (35)
7 (30)
11 (48)
5 (22)
Li et al. [12]
2013
China
Randomized controlled trial
149
74
49
47 (64)
27 (36)
37 (50)
19 (26)
18 (24)
Moraes et al. [6]
2010
Brazil
Randomized controlled trial
210
70
48
33 (47)
37 (53)
32 (46)
16 (23)
22 (31)
Pandey et al. [20]
2004
India
Randomized controlled trial
28
15
45
6 (40)
9 (60)
5 (33)
7 (47)
3 (20)
Pendharkar et al. [17]