Process Gas Chromatographs. Tony Waters

The chromatogram display The bargraph display The trend record Digital signal processing PGC function alarms Did you get it? Self‐assessment quiz: SAQ13 Student evaluation questions: SET‐13 References Table Figures New technical terms 14 Peak area integration Digital chromatogram processing Quantifying the analyte peaks Measuring overlapping peaks Did you get it? Self‐assessment quiz: SAQ 14 Student evaluation test: SET 14 References Figures New technical terms 15 Calibration Measurement principles Calibration methods Did you get it? Self‐assessment quiz: SAQ 15 Student evaluation test: SET 15 References Figure Equations Symbols New technical terms

      8  Answers to self‐assessment questions SAQ‐01 SAQ‐02 SAQ‐03 SAQ‐04 SAQ‐05 SAQ‐06 SAQ 07 SAQ 08 SAQ 09 SAQ 10 SAQ 11 SAQ 12 SAQ 13 SAQ 14 SAQ 15

      9  BibliographyBibliography

      10  Glossary

      11  Index

      12  End User License Agreement

      List of Tables

      1 Chapter 5Table 5.1 Comparing the Process Photometer and the PGC.

      2 Chapter 6Table 6.1 Properties of Common Carrier Gases.

      3 Chapter 7Table 7.1 Sample Loop Tubing Sizes.Table 7.2 Temperature, Pressure, and Liquid Density.Table 7.3 Conversion of Percentage Units for Gas Samples.

      4 Chapter 8Table 8.1 Summary of PGC Chromatographic Valves.

      5 Chapter 9Table 9.1 Summary of Column Systems.

      6 Chapter 10Table 10.1 Key Features of the Thermal Conductivity Detector.Table 10.2 Key Features of the Flame Ionization Detector.Table 10.3 Key Features of the Flame Photometric Detector.Table 10.4 Summary of PGC Detectors.

      7 Chapter 11Table 11.1 Summary of Oven Heating Methods.

      8 Chapter 13Table 13.1 The First Microprocessor‐Based PGC Control Units.

      List of Illustrations

      1 Chapter 1Figure 1.2 Basic Gas Chromatograph.Figure 1.3 Typical Gas Sample Injector Valve.Figure 1.4 Typical Gas Chromatographic Columns.Figure 1.5 A Simple Column Switching System.Figure 1.6 Three Kinds of Capillary Column.Figure 1.7 Typical Chromatograms.Figure 1.8 A Real Chromatogram.

      2 Chapter 2Figure 2.1 Gases Dissolve in Liquids.Figure 2.2 A Different Gas.Figure 2.3 Forming an Equilibrium.Figure 2.4 The Carrier Gas Moves.Figure 2.5 The Second Equilibrium.Figure 2.6 The Third Equilibrium.Figure 2.7 The Fourth Equilibrium.Figure 2.8 The Fifth Equilibrium.Figure 2.9 Effect of Having More Equilibria.

      3 Chapter 3Figure 3.1 Effect of Component Solubility.Figure 3.2 Draw Your Own Chromatogram.Figure 3.3 Significance of an Air Peak.