Wiley Practitioner's Guide to GAAS 2020. Joanne M. Flood

are not auditing standards. They consist of the following:

       Auditing Interpretations of AU-C sections, listed in each chapter of this book that has a related Interpretation.

       AICPA Audit and Accounting Guides and Statements of Position, listed in Appendix B of this book.

      (AU-C 200.A81)

      Auditors should consider interpretive publications that apply to their audits.

      Other Auditing Publications

      Other auditing publications, listed in Appendix C of this book, are not authoritative but may help auditors to understand and apply GAAS. An auditor should evaluate such guidance to determine whether it is both (1) relevant for a particular engagement and (2) appropriate for the particular situation. When evaluating whether the guidance is appropriate, the auditor should consider whether the publication is recognized as helpful in understanding and applying SASs, and whether the author is recognized as an auditing authority. AICPA auditing publications that have been reviewed by the AICPA Audit and Attest Standards staff are presumed to be appropriate. (AU-C 200.A82–.84)

      Notes

      1 1 See Definitions of Terms.

      2 2 Generally accepted auditing standards are issued in the form of Statements on Auditing Standards and codified into AU-C sections in the AICPA’s Professional Standards.

2 AU-C 210 Terms of Engagement

       Scope

       Definitions of Terms

       Objectives of AU-C Section 210

       Fundamental Requirements

       Engagement Acceptance

       AU-C 210 Illustration

      SCOPE

      This section states the requirements and provides application guidance on the auditor’s responsibilities when agreeing upon terms of engagement with management and those charged with governance. It also establishes the important preconditions for an audit, for which management is responsible. AU-C 220, Quality Control for an Engagement Conducted in Accordance with Generally Accepted Auditing Standards, addresses those aspects of engagement acceptance that the auditor can control and the auditor’s responsibilities regarding ethical requirements concerning acceptance of an engagement. (AU-C 210.01 and .A1)

      DEFINITIONS OF TERMS

      Source: AU-C 210.04. For definitions related to this standard, see Appendix A, “Definitions of Terms”: Preconditions for an audit, Recurring Audit.

      OBJECTIVES OF AU-C SECTION 210

      AU-C Section 210.03 states that:

      … the objective of the auditor is to accept an audit engagement for a new or existing audit client only when the basis upon which it is to be performed has been agreed upon through

      1 establishing whether the preconditions for an audit are present and

      2 confirming that a common understanding of the terms of the audit engagement exists between the auditor and management and, when appropriate, those charged with governance.

      FUNDAMENTAL REQUIREMENTS

      Engagement Acceptance

      Preconditions

Unless required to do so by law or regulation, an auditor should discuss the situation with management and not accept an engagement when the preconditions (see Appendix A, “Definitions of Terms”) are not met. (AU-C 210.08) To assess whether those preconditions are met, the auditor should:

      1 determine whether the financial reporting framework1 to be applied in the preparation of the financial statements is acceptable and

      2 obtain the agreement of management that it acknowledges and understands its responsibilityfor the preparation and fair presentation of the financial statements in accordance with the applicable financial reporting framework;for the design, implementation, and maintenance of internal control relevant to the preparation and fair presentation of financial statements that are free from material misstatement, whether due to fraud or error; andto provide the auditor withaccess to all information of which management is aware that is relevant to the preparation and fair presentation of the financial statements, such as records, documentation, and other matters;additional information that the auditor may request from management for the purpose of the audit; andunrestricted access to persons within the entity from whom the auditor determines it necessary to obtain audit evidence.(AU-C 210.06)

      In evaluating whether the financial reporting framework is acceptable, the auditor may want to consider:

       The nature of the entity

       The purpose and nature of the financial statements

       Whether the framework is determined by law or regulator

      (AU-C 210.A5)

      Limitation of Scope

      If management limits the scope of the auditor’s work so that the auditor will have to disclaim an opinion, the auditor should not accept the engagement. The exception to this is when management is required by law or regulation to have an audit and the disclaimer of opinion is acceptable under law or regulation, for example, with audits of employee benefit plans. Then the auditor may accept the engagement, but is not required to do so. (AU-C 210.07 and .A19)

      Agreement on Terms

The auditor should establish an understanding in writing with management or those charged with governance² about the services to be performed for each audit, review of a public company’s financial statements, or agreed-upon procedures for engagement. (AU-C 210.09) The understanding should include:

      1 The engagement’s objectives and scope

      2 Management’s responsibilities

      3 Auditor’s responsibilities

      4 The audit’s limitations, the inherent limitations of internal control, and the risk that some misstatements may not be detected

      5 Financial reporting framework

      6 Expected form and content of the report

      (AU-C 210.10)

      In addition, the auditor may want to:

       Elaborate on the scope of the audit by referencing regulations, laws, GAAS, ethical