Time Value of Money and Fair Value Accounting. Dr Jae K. Shim

What are the Applications of Future Values and Present Values?

       Deposits to Accumulate a Future Sum (or Sinking Fund)

       Amounts of periodic withdrawals

       Determining the Number of Periods Required

       Can a Computer Help?

       Computing Interest Rate

       Can a Computer Help?

       Amortized Loans

       Lease Payments

       Can a Computer Help?

       How to Develop Loan Amortization Schedule

       Annual Percentage Rate (APR)

       Rates of Growth

       Bond Valuation

       Effective-Interest Method of Amortization of Bond Discount or Premium

       Bond Yields and Internal Rate of Return

       Can a Computer Help?

       Stock Valuation

       Single Holding Period

       Multiple Holding Period

       (a) Zero Growth Case

       (b) Constant Growth Case

       Discounted Cash Flow (DCF) Techniques

       Net Present Value

       Internal Rate of Return

       Can a Computer Help?

       Lease versus Purchase Decision

       Buy versus Lease Evaluation Report

       Can a Computer Help?

       Expected Cash Flow Model

       Choosing an Appropriate Discount Rate

       Cost of Debt

       Cost of Common Stock

       Cost of Retained Earnings

       Computing the Overall Cost of Capital

       Conclusion

       Chapter 2 Fair Value Accounting

       Fair Value Principle

       Using Cash Flow Information and Present Value in Accounting (SFAC No. 7)

       Present Value Measurement

       Liabilities

       Interest Methods

       Fair Value Measurements

       The Hypothetical Transaction

       The Principal (or Most Advantageous) Market

       Market Participants

       Highest and Best Use

       Valuation Techniques

       Fair Value Hierarchy

       Fair Value Disclosures

       Fair Value Option for Financial Assets and Financial Liabilities

       Allowed Items

       Disallowed Items

       Electing the Fair Value Option and Election Dates

       Events

       Instrument Application

       Balance Sheet

       Income Statement

       Statement of Cash Flows

       Sample Application of ASC 820-10-25 (FAS-159)

       Disclosures

       Eligible Items at Effective Date

       Available-for-Sale and Held-to-Maturity Securities

       Not-For-Profit Organizations

       Where Are Fair Values Used in Financial Statements?

       Fair Value Valuation

       Examples of Valuation Models

       Market Multiples

       Stock Valuation

       Bond Valuation

       Real Estate Valuation

       Matrix Pricing

       Discounted Cash Flows (DCF)

       Employee Share Options

       The Black-Scholes-Merton Option Pricing Model

       Other Lattice-based Option Models

       Binomial

       Trinomial

       Multinomial

       Nontransferability and Early Exercise

       Adjusted Replacement Cost

       Illustrations of Fair Value Disclosures – Reliability Assessment

       Appendix I

       Table 1: The Future Value of $1.00