The Divine Comedy: Inferno, Purgatorio & Paradiso. Dante Alighieri

Canto XXXI. The Giants, Nimrod, Ephialtes, and Antaeus. Descent to Cocytus.

       Canto XXXII. The Ninth Circle: Traitors. The Frozen Lake of Cocytus. First Division, Caina: Traitors to their Kindred. Camicion de' Pazzi. Second Division, Antenora: Traitors to their Country. Dante questions Bocca degli Abati. Buoso da Duera.

       Canto XXXIII. Count Ugolino and the Archbishop Ruggieri. The Death of Count Ugolino's Sons. Third Division of the Ninth Circle, Ptolomaea: Traitors to their Friends. Friar Alberigo, Branco d' Oria.

       Canto XXXIV. Fourth Division of the Ninth Circle, the Judecca: Traitors to their Lords and Benefactors. Lucifer, Judas Iscariot, Brutus, and Cassius. The Chasm of Lethe. The Ascent.

      Canto I. The Dark Forest. The Hill of Difficulty. The Panther, the Lion, and the Wolf. Virgil.

       Table of Contents

      Midway upon the journey of our life

       I found myself within a forest dark,

       For the straightforward pathway had been lost.

      Ah me! how hard a thing it is to say

       What was this forest savage, rough, and stern,

       Which in the very thought renews the fear.

      So bitter is it, death is little more;

       But of the good to treat, which there I found,

       Speak will I of the other things I saw there.

      I cannot well repeat how there I entered,

       So full was I of slumber at the moment

       In which I had abandoned the true way.

      But after I had reached a mountain's foot,

       At that point where the valley terminated,

       Which had with consternation pierced my heart,

      Upward I looked, and I beheld its shoulders,

       Vested already with that planet's rays

       Which leadeth others right by every road.

      Then was the fear a little quieted

       That in my heart's lake had endured throughout

       The night, which I had passed so piteously.

      And even as he, who, with distressful breath,

       Forth issued from the sea upon the shore,

       Turns to the water perilous and gazes;

      So did my soul, that still was fleeing onward,

       Turn itself back to re-behold the pass

       Which never yet a living person left.

      After my weary body I had rested,

       The way resumed I on the desert slope,

       So that the firm foot ever was the lower.

      And lo! almost where the ascent began,

       A panther light and swift exceedingly,

       Which with a spotted skin was covered o'er!

      And never moved she from before my face,

       Nay, rather did impede so much my way,

       That many times I to return had turned.

      The time was the beginning of the morning,

       And up the sun was mounting with those stars

       That with him were, what time the Love Divine

      At first in motion set those beauteous things;

       So were to me occasion of good hope,

       The variegated skin of that wild beast,

      The hour of time, and the delicious season;

       But not so much, that did not give me fear

       A lion's aspect which appeared to me.

      He seemed as if against me he were coming

       With head uplifted, and with ravenous hunger,

       So that it seemed the air was afraid of him;

      And a she-wolf, that with all hungerings

       Seemed to be laden in her meagreness,

       And many folk has caused to live forlorn!

      She brought upon me so much heaviness,

       With the affright that from her aspect came,

       That I the hope relinquished of the height.

      And as he is who willingly acquires,

       And the time comes that causes him to lose,

       Who weeps in all his thoughts and is despondent,

      E'en such made me that beast withouten peace,

       Which, coming on against me by degrees

       Thrust me back thither where the sun is silent.

      While I was rushing downward to the lowland,

       Before mine eyes did one present himself,

       Who seemed from long-continued silence hoarse.

      When I beheld him in the desert vast,

       "Have pity on me," unto him I cried,

       "Whiche'er thou art, or shade or real man!"

      He answered me: "Not man; man once I was,

       And both my parents were of Lombardy,

       And Mantuans by country both of them.

      'Sub Julio' was I born, though it was late,

       And lived at Rome under the good Augustus,

       During the time of false and lying gods.

      A poet was I, and I sang that just

       Son of Anchises, who came forth from Troy,

       After that Ilion the superb was burned.

      But thou, why goest thou back to such annoyance?

       Why climb'st thou not the Mount Delectable,

       Which is the source and cause of every joy?"

      "Now, art thou that Virgilius and that fountain

       Which spreads abroad so wide a river of speech?"

       I made response to him with bashful forehead.

      "O, of the other poets honour and light,

       Avail me the long study and great love

       That have impelled me to explore thy volume!

      Thou art my master, and my author thou,

       Thou art alone the one from whom I took

       The beautiful style that has done honour to me.

      Behold the beast, for which I have turned back;

       Do thou protect me from her, famous Sage,

       For she doth make my veins and pulses tremble."

      "Thee it behoves to take another road,"

       Responded he, when he beheld me weeping,

       "If from this savage place thou wouldst escape;

      Because this beast, at which thou criest out,

       Suffers not any one to pass her way,

       But so doth harass him, that she destroys him;

      And