1
There is no e in Egyptian, and this vowel is added merely to make the word pronounceable.
2
The letter r has dropped out in Coptic through phonetic decay.
3
Religion und Mythologie, p. 93.
4
La Mythologie Egyptienne, p. 215.
5
Ed Maspero, Pyramides de Saqqarah; p. 25.
7
Ed. Maspero, Pyramides da Saqqarah, p. 111.
8
The morning boat of the sun.
9
The evening boat of the sun.
12
The text was published by Prisse d'Avennes, entitled Facsimile d'un papyrus Égyptien en caractères hieratiques, Paris, 1847. For a translation of the whole work, see Virey, Études sur le Papyrus Prisse, Paris, 1887.
13
They are given with interlinear transliteration and translation in my Papyrus of Ani, p.lxxxv. ff., where references to the older literature on the subject will be found.
14
Geschiedenis van den Godedienst in de Oudheid, Amsterdam, 1893, p. 25.A number of valuable remarks on this subject are given by Lieblein in Egyptian Religion, p. 10.
15
Le Livre dei Moris (Review in Muséon, Tom. xiii. 1893).
16
Juvenal, Satire XV. (Evans' translation in Bohn's Series, p.180). Led astray by Juvenal, our own good George Herbert (Church Militant) wrote:–
"At first he (i.e., Sin) got to Egypt, and did sowGardens of gods, which every year did growFresh and fine deities. They were at great cost,Who for a god clearly a sallet lost.Ah, what a thing is man devoid of grace,Adoring garlic with an humble face,Begging his food of that which he may eat,Starving the while he worshippeth his meat!Who makes a root his god, how low is he,If God and man be severed infinitely!What wretchedness can give him any room,Whose house is foul, while he adores his broom?"17
The whole hymn has been published by Maspero in Hymns au Nil, Paris, 1868.
18
Religion and Mythologie, pp. 96–99.
19
See Brugsch, Religion, p.101.
20
No. 10,188. See my transcript and translation of the whole papyrus in Archaeologia vol. 52, London, 1801.
22
Ed. Maspero, line 570.
23
See The Chapters of Coming Forth by Day, p. 3.
24
i.e., Maāt, the goddess of law, order, regularity, and the like, maketh the sun to rise each day in his appointed place and at his appointed time with absolute and unfailing regularity.
25
i.e., the soul referred to above in the account of the creation; see p. 24.
26
i.e., Rā of Heliopolis.
27
From the Papyrus of Hunefer (Brit. Mus. No. 9901).
28
A name of the Serpent of darkness which Rā slew daily.
29
The boat in which Rā sailed from noon to sunset.
30
i.e., whatsoever Rā commandeth taketh place straightway; see the Chapter on the Judgment of the Dead, p. 110.
31
On the god Amen, see the chapter, "The Gods of the Egyptians."
32
i.e., "thy existence, and thy risings and settings are ordered and defined by fixed, unchanging, and unalterable law."
34
i.e., unchanging and unalterable law.
35
i.e., the east and west coasts of the Red Sea, and the north-east coast of Africa.
36
I am doubtful about the meaning of this passage.
37
i.e., "because when thou settest thou dost not die."
38
The Sun's evening and morning boats respectively.
39
From the Papyrus of Nekht (Brit. Mus. No. 10,471).
40
The evening and morning sun respectively.
41
Like Nut, a goddess of the sky, but particularly of that portion of it in which the sun rises.
42
Plutarchi de Iside et Osirids liber: Graece et Anglice. By S. Squire, Cambridge, 1744.
46
i.e., Hera-ur, "Horus the Elder."
48
In the Egyptian calendar this day was marked triply unlucky.
49
The hair cut off as a sign of mourning was usually laid in the tomb of the dead.
50
i.e., a wreath of clover.
