The Little Book of Sloth Philosophy. Jennifer McCartney

to do, slow, rhythmic breathing and controlled movements are key. Remind you of anything? Right, sloths. So remember that there’s more than one way to get into shape and improve your health.

      Sloth Philosophy

      Breathe deeply – even if you’re upside down

      Sloth Fact: A sloth’s internal organs are fixed in place, to keep their weight away from the diaphragm and avoid crushing its lungs. This allows it to breathe easily in any position – an evolutionary necessity, given that the sloth’s favoured position is upside down.

      Breathing properly should be an easy thing to do. Our lives depend on it. I’m breathing right now, you might think. What’s the big deal? The problem is, we’re often not breathing effectively, and this can negatively impact our health. We’re so tense, or hunched over, or distracted that we’re barely taking in or exhaling more than a little puff of air. Computers and stress are the main culprits. Bad posture as we tap away on our laptops means our ribs are digging into our diaphragms, so our lungs don’t have room to expand. Stress can make our breath short and shallow – a condition known as underbreathing.

      Breathing deeply is an important practice to develop because it can reduce stress and lower blood pressure. It promotes healing by increasing oxygen levels in the blood and it’s even thought to reduce inflammation. A 2016 study at the Medical University of South Carolina found that just 20 minutes of breathing exercises resulted in a decrease in salivary cytokines – a biomarker for inflammation. That means a few minutes of mindful breathing can actually benefit our bodies on a molecular level. And because the wonders of better breathing are scientifically proven, you’ll find these techniques practised by everyone from yogis to military personnel to athletes. So straighten up. Set your shoulders back. Give those lungs room to expand. And take a deep breath. Take two. Keep it up. Feels good, right?

      Sloth Philosophy

      Seek the quiet place

      Sloth Fact: Sloths have teeny, tiny ears and can’t hear very well. Most of their life is spent in relative silence. Ah, bliss …

      Noise pollution can be harmful to our physical and mental health, but, unlike sloths, we can’t retreat to the treetops whenever we feel overwhelmed. Prolonged exposure to loud noise can cause hearing loss, sleep disturbances, high blood pressure and increased stress levels. The World Health Organization recommends decibel levels of no more than 50 in residential areas, but that’s wishful thinking for a large portion of the population. (To put that in context, sirens are 120 decibels, while construction noise can measure between 80 and 90 and the noise from a passing subway train is about 80.) Our cities have become so loud that scientists have discovered that robins are now singing at night rather than during the day. Whatever the birds have to communicate (news of another royal birth?) it can’t be done during the day in our major cities. Not surprisingly, perhaps, 8 of the UK’s top 10 districts ranked by noise complaints per 1,000 residents are in London. Londoners do love a good knees-up. And New York City is no better, with hundreds of thousands of noise complaints lodged every year. Not for nothing is it known as the city that never sleeps!

      While most of us can’t help where we live, we can take steps to mitigate the noise pollution we experience. So unless you’re planning to pick up and move to an off-the-grid tiny house in the wilderness sometime soon, here are some common-sense ways to increase the level of peace and quiet in your life:

      Out and about:

       Wear earplugs or noise-cancelling headphones.

       Avoid busy construction sites, loud parties and subways; take a walk in the park instead – see what the foxes are up to.

      At home:

       Consider sound-proofing windows if you’re on a busy street.

       Invest in a white-noise machine (or download a white-noise app).

       Send your children to boarding school.*

       Trade the yappy dog for a quiet cat.†