The Four Obsessions of an Extraordinary Executive. Patrick M. Lencioni

      PART ONE

      Green’s Pain

      THE RIVAL

      Eighty million dollars in annual revenue should have made him happy. Or at least not bitter. But Vince Green, the founder and CEO of Greenwich Consulting, would not be satisfied until his company was recognized as the number one technical consulting firm in the Bay Area. And on particularly bad days, he joked that he would be truly happy only when his competitor, Telegraph Partners, was dead.

      It wasn’t that Telegraph was much larger than Greenwich. In fact, from time to time Greenwich rivaled Telegraph’s quarterly revenue (although its profits never seemed to do so).

      More than the financial war, it bothered Vince and his staff that Greenwich couldn’t seem to win any of the less tangible battles. Telegraph was always regarded as a darling of the trade press. Industry analysts fawned over them. Telegraph’s clients raved about their services and even stood by them during difficult times. Though Greenwich certainly garnered its share of new business, retaining clients felt like a constant struggle. On the other hand, life seemed too easy for Telegraph.

      And if this bothered Vince, then the battle for employees enraged him. Telegraph didn’t have to work as hard or spend as much money recruiting good people. To make matters worse, there seemed to be a small but steady stream of employees leaving Greenwich to join Telegraph, but rarely did traffic flow in the other direction. And in those few instances when employees actually did leave Telegraph for Greenwich pastures, they rarely stayed more than a year.

      Perhaps the most subtle but frustrating aspect of the competitive relationship that kept Greenwich executives awake and angry at night was the fact that Telegraph’s CEO, Rich O’Connor, rarely, if ever, acknowledged Greenwich. Not during press interviews, conference speeches, or client presentations. And when a Greenwich executive occasionally met Telegraph’s chief executive during an industry event, almost without fail he seemed genuinely disinterested in Greenwich and unaware of what his largest and most direct competitor was doing.

      All of this would have been less frustrating had Greenwich not invested so much time and money learning about its rival. From interviews with former Telegraph employees to minor acts of legal corporate espionage, Greenwich had amassed as much knowledge about its competitor as about any of its own clients.

      Still, none of the surveillance yielded anything that Greenwich could put to use.

      Until now.

      RECONNAISSANCE

      As part of his desire to understand the mystery of Telegraph’s success, Vince Green occasionally invited business scholars to his staff meetings. Strategy experts, marketing professors, and finance gurus had analyzed Telegraph’s practices, paying particular attention to any areas where Telegraph and Greenwich differed.

      Much to the dismay of Green and his team, these experts usually found little real difference between the rival firms’ business strategies. Both companies recruited from the same schools; they paid their employees similar salaries (Greenwich actually paid slightly more); they invested roughly equal amounts of money in marketing; the financial models they used to run their businesses were remarkably similar; even the prices they charged clients and the services they offered were almost identical.

      Confounded by the lack of insight gained from these high-priced analysts, Green reluctantly agreed to have a local organizational development professor and consultant compare the cultures of the two companies. On the day that she came to present her findings at the weekly executive staff meeting, Green was in no mood to listen to psychobabble about the importance of employee picnics and holiday parties. He would be pleasantly surprised.

      The consultant immediately grabbed the attention of everyone seated around the conference table: “Based on the information available and the research I’ve done, there is so little in common between Greenwich and Telegraph that making a comparison is extremely difficult.”

      Amazed by the apparent ridiculousness of the remark, Green was on the verge of bringing the presentation to an early halt. But before he could do so, she continued: “Something about Telegraph’s culture is remarkable, like none I’ve ever seen. Their ability to attract clients and employees, to retain clients and employees, and even to maintain a loyal base of former clients and employees is really very impressive.”

      The Greenwich team was caught between two strong emotions: a sense of relief at having finally discovered even a kernel of insight that might help them understand Telegraph, and a wave of disappointment that their competitor had recruited yet another admiring fan.

      Green was too driven to let jealousy override his desire to understand his competitor. “So what exactly are they doing?”

      Although the consultant could not ascertain the core reasons for the cultural discrepancy, she spent the next hour simply describing various aspects of Telegraph’s culture. “Apparently, there is almost no politics, very little voluntary turnover, and relatively few lawsuits brought by disgruntled employees. Even most of the former employees I spoke to raved about the firm’s culture.”

      The executive team listened closely, asked questions, and scribbled notes like college students the day before a final exam.

      The consultant eventually concluded her remarks: “Essentially they have an organization that is so sound, so” – she struggled for the right word – “so healthy that it makes them immune to most threats. This, more than anything else they’re doing, seems to be driving their success financially, strategically, and competitively. I wish I knew exactly how they did it.”

      Vince spoke for the first time in an hour. “So do I.” Standing now, he waved and forced a smile to say thank you to the consultant and left the room immediately.

      No one could have known that he already had an idea.

      Now where did I put that phone number?

      PART TWO

      The History

      TWO CEOS

      In many ways, Rich O’Connor and Vince Green were alike. Besides being CEOs of the area’s top technical consulting firms, they were essentially likable and decent men. Both were tireless workers, fierce competitors, and committed husbands and fathers.

      They also happened to receive their training at U.C. Berkeley’s business school at the same time. Vince had worked with a top management consulting firm before B-school. During his two years at Berkeley, he followed the stock market religiously, maintained contact with business associates, and read as many analyst reports as he could get his hands on. He graduated near the top of his class.

      Rich also earned impressive grades but maintained a relatively low profile in the process. To earn extra cash, he waited tables and tutored undergraduate students, and when he wasn’t working or in class, he could be found at the psychology lab where his wife-to-be worked. Because Rich spent so much time away from the business school, he didn’t establish quite as many close relationships with classmates as most others did.

      When Vince decided to start his own consulting firm just a few years out of school, no one was surprised. When Rich did the same thing two months later, no one noticed.

      The timing for getting into technical consulting was ideal, and for their first three years in business, both firms grew dramatically. Each CEO believed his success was the result of extremely hard work, a little luck, and amazing attention to detail within his respective firm.

      Both of them received regular reports about virtually every consulting engagement that their firms took on. They knew where every dollar was being spent, how much every client owed, and which competitors were bidding on which projects.

      During this time Rich and Vince developed a cordial though somewhat distant relationship. Although the two rivals respected one another, they also knew that the other would be