Как умирали динозавры: Убийственный астероид и рождение нового мира. Райли Блэк

Читать онлайн.
Название Как умирали динозавры: Убийственный астероид и рождение нового мира
Автор произведения Райли Блэк
Жанр
Серия
Издательство
Год выпуска 2022
isbn 9785002232970



Скачать книгу

The history of the study of the extinction of the dinosaurs. Evolutionary Biology 24: 371–400.

      27

      N. MacLeod. 1998. Impacts and marine invertebrate extinctions. Geological Society, London, Special Publications 140: 217–46.

      28

      L. Alvarez, W. Alvarez, F. Asaro, and H. Michel. 1980. Extraterrestrial cause for the Cretaceous-Tertiary extinction. Science 208 (4448): 1095–108.

      29

      A. Hildebrand, G. Penfield, D. Kring, et al. 1991. Chicxulub crater: A possible Cretaceous/ Tertiary boundary impact crater on the Yucatán Peninsula, Mexico. Geology 19 (9): 867–71.

      30

      R. Worth, S. Sigurdsson, and C. House. 2013. Seeding life on the moons of the outer planets via lithopanspermia. Astrobiology 13 (12): 1155–65.

      31

      R. Tagle and P. Claeys. 2005. An ordinary chondrite impactor for the Popigai crater, Siberia. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta 69 (11): 2877–89.

      32

      S. Ekhtiari, K. Chiba, S. Popovic, et al. 2020. First case of osteosarcoma in a dinosaur: A multimodal diagnosis. The Lancet 21 (8): 1021–1022.

      33

      W. Sellers, P. Manning, T. Lyson, et al. 2009. Virtual palaeontology: Gait reconstruction of extinct vertebrates using high performance computing. Palaeontologia Electronica 12 (3): 1–26.

      34

      D. Hone and and O. Rauhut. 2010. Feeding behaviour and bone utilization by theropod dinosaurs. Lethaia 43 (2): 232–44.

      35

      E. Wolff, S. Salisbury, J. Horner, and D. Varricchio. 2009. Common avian infection plagued the tyrant dinosaurs. PLOS ONE 4 (9): e7288.

      36

      S. Brusatte, M. Norell, T. Carr, et al. 2010. Tyrannosaur paleobiology: New research on ancient exemplar organisms. Science 329 (5998): 1481–85.

      37

      C. Kammerer, S. Nesbitt, J. Flynn, et al. 2020. A tiny ornithodiran archosaur from the Triassic of Madagascar and the role of miniaturization in dinosaur and pterosaur ancestry. PNAS 117 (30): 17932–36.

      38

      T. Blackburn, P. Olsen, S. Bowring, et al. 2013. Zircon U-Pb geochronology links the end-Triassic extinction with the Central Atlantic Magmatic Province. Science 340 (6135): 941–45.

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