Disaster Response and Recovery. David A. McEntire

perform routine tasks with new structures. Extending organizations Groups that perform nonroutine tasks with existing structures. Faith‐based organizations Nonprofit groups that perform some of the same functions as other nonprofits, but they are associated with religious organizations. Federal Emergency Management Agency Agency created in the late 1970s by President Jimmy Carter to help coordinate the activities of the government. Federal government The national political unit that is composed of many agencies and officials. Local governments City or county organizations that perform important public functions. Mutual aid The sharing of personnel, equipment, and facilities. This occurs when local resources are inadequate to meet the needs of the disaster. National Guard A reserve military unit operated under the direction of the governor. National Disaster Recovery Framework A guide to enable effective recovery in disaster‐stricken areas. It provides disaster recovery managers with a flexible structure to restore affected communities. National Response Framework A document that describes what the gov ernment and whole communities will do in catastrophic disasters. National Volunteer Organizations Active in Disasters (NVOAD) An organization that brings agencies together to promote various types of assistance after disasters. Nonprofit sector The division of society that is comprised of humanitarian, charitable religious, and voluntary organizations. Points of Light A foundation dedicated to the promotion of volunteering. Private sector A part of society that includes businesses and corporations. Public sector The segment of society that is made up of government offices, departments, and agencies. State government The political unit comprised of numerous cities and counties and includes bureaucratic agencies and politicians. Tribal government “An Indian or Alaska Native tribe … that the Secretary of the Interior acknowledges to exist as an Indian tribe pursuant to the Federally Recognized Indian Tribe List Act of 1994.” Whole community The idea that a “government‐centric approach to emergency management” is not sufficient to face a catastrophic disaster. All available resources must be collectively utilized at each level of government to prepare for and respond to such an incident.

ASSESS YOUR UNDERSTANDING

      Posttest to evaluate your knowledge of roles and responsibilities of disaster participants.

      Measure your learning by comparing pretest and posttest results.

Summary Questions

      1 The public sector is subdivision of society made up of ordinary, everyday citizens. True or false?

      2 A business would be categorized under the private sector. True or false?

      3 An example of a nonprofit organization is a community‐based agency that engages in humanitarian and charitable work. True or false?

      4 Mutual aid involves the sharing of first responders or necessary supplies. True or false?

      5 Mayors and other elected officials are responsible for declaring a disaster at the local level. True or false?

      6 State governments will not become involved in disasters but will simply request assistance from the federal government. True or false?

      7 The National Guard may help conduct search and rescue missions or remove debris after a disaster. True or false?

      8 FEMA is the only organization at the federal level that gets involved in disaster activities. True or false?

      9 Companies may provide donations, but they do not have a bearing on sheltering and construction. True or false?

      10 The Salvation Army is a faith‐based organization. True or false?

      11 Emergency management is most likely to be successful if all pertinent organizations perform their roles in disasters. True or false?

      12 There are no international disaster and emergency management organizations. True or False?

      13 Which of the following were involved in the response to the Deepwater Horizon oil spill?Employees of British PetroleumThe Coast GuardLawyers Companies to skim oil and limit environmental damageAll of the above

      14 Which is not included in the public sector?A firefighter that is a trained emergency medical technicianA company that supplies first responders with flashlights and batteriesMembers of the city councilA local emergency managerState and federal emergency management offices

      15 What department is most likely to be able to assist you with traffic control issues?Public HealthThe coroner’s officeEngineeringThe police departmentDepartment of Housing

      16 Which person or entity may call up the National Guard?The governorThe emergency managerA representative from the Red CrossThe mayorAll of the above

      17 Which federal agency or department may assist with hazardous material cleanup?General Services AdministrationDepartment of AgricultureThe Environmental Protection AgencyDepartment of LaborTennessee Valley Authority

      18 Individuals that help companies recover from disasters are known as:Private contractorsBusiness continuity specialistsCERT membersMembers of emergent groupsNone of the above

      19 Under the principle of impartiality, the Red Cross tries to:Help anyone in needServe out of charity and not for profitAct autonomously in each nationProvide assistance without discriminationRemain neutral in armed conflicts

      20 A major role of the Red Cross after a disaster is to:Remove debris in the roadsRebuild damaged infrastructureFeed emergency workersShelter victims affected by disasterAnswers c and d

      21 CERT stands for:Civilian Emergency Repair TechnicianCommunity Emergency Response TeamCivilian Emergency Response TechnicianCommunity Emergent Recovery TeamCommunity Emergent Recovery Technician

      22 An emergent group may be defined as:The pursuit of tasks that are new and unfamiliarSelfless acts of heroismAn organization that appears after a disaster to care for disaster victimsA department