Медицина
Различные книги в жанре МедицинаThe Riddle of Malnutrition
More than ten million children suffer from severe acute malnutrition globally each year. In Uganda, longstanding efforts to understand, treat, and then prevent the condition initially served to medicalize it, in the eyes of both biomedical personnel and Ugandans who brought their children to the hospital for treatment and care. Medicalization meant malnutrition came to be seen as a disease—as a medical emergency—not a preventable condition, further compromising nutritional health in Uganda. Rather than rely on a foreign-led model, physicians in Uganda responded to this failure by developing a novel public health program known as Mwanamugimu. The new approach prioritized local expertise and empowering Ugandan women, blending biomedical knowledge with African sensibilities and cultural competencies. In The Riddle of Malnutrition, Jennifer Tappan examines how over the course of half a century Mwanamugimu tackled the most fatal form of childhood malnutrition—kwashiorkor—and promoted nutritional health in the midst of postcolonial violence, political upheaval, and neoliberal resource constraints. She draws on a diverse array of sources to illuminate the interplay between colonialism, the production of scientific knowledge, and the delivery of health services in contemporary Africa.
The Experiment Must Continue
The Experiment Must Continue is a beautifully articulated ethnographic history of medical experimentation in East Africa from 1940 through 2014. In it, Melissa Graboyes combines her training in public health and in history to treat her subject with the dual sensitivities of a medical ethicist and a fine historian. She breathes life into the fascinating histories of research on human subjects, elucidating the hopes of the interventionists and the experiences of the putative beneficiaries. Historical case studies highlight failed attempts to eliminate tropical diseases, while modern examples delve into ongoing malaria and HIV/AIDS research. Collectively, these show how East Africans have perceived research differently than researchers do and that the active participation of subjects led to the creation of a hybrid ethical form. By writing an ethnography of the past and a history of the present, Graboyes casts medical experimentation in a new light, and makes the resounding case that we must readjust our dominant ideas of consent, participation, and exploitation. With global implications, this lively book is as relevant for scholars as it is for anyone invested in the place of medicine in society.
Preaching Prevention
Preaching Prevention examines the controversial U.S. President’s Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief (PEPFAR) initiative to “abstain and be faithful” as a primary prevention strategy in Africa. This ethnography of the born-again Christians who led the new anti-AIDS push in Uganda provides insight into both what it means for foreign governments to “export” approaches to care and treatment and the ways communities respond to and repurpose such projects. By examining born-again Christians’ support of Uganda’s controversial 2009 Anti-Homosexuality Bill, the book’s final chapter explores the enduring tensions surrounding the message of personal accountability heralded by U.S. policy makers. Preaching Prevention is the first to examine the cultural reception of PEPFAR in Africa. Lydia Boyd asks, What are the consequences when individual responsibility and autonomy are valorized in public health initiatives and those values are at odds with the existing cultural context? Her book investigates the cultures of the U.S. and Ugandan evangelical communities and how the flow of U.S.-directed monies influenced Ugandan discourses about sexuality and personal agency. It is a pioneering examination of a global health policy whose legacies are still unfolding.
The African AIDS Epidemic
This history of the African AIDS epidemic is a much-needed, accessibly written historical account of the most serious epidemiological catastrophe of modern times. The African AIDS Epidemic: A History answers President Thabo Mbeki’s provocative question as to why Africa has suffered this terrible epidemic. While Mbeki attributed the causes to poverty and exploitation, others have looked to distinctive sexual systems practiced in African cultures and communities. John Iliffe stresses historical sequence. He argues that Africa has had the worst epidemic because the disease was established in the general population before anyone knew the disease existed. HIV evolved with extraordinary speed and complexity, and because that evolution took place under the eyes of modern medical research scientists, Iliffe has been able to write a history of the virus itself that is probably unique among accounts of human epidemic diseases. In giving the African experience a historical shape, Iliffe has written one of the most important books of our time. The African experience of AIDS has taught the world much of what it knows about HIV/AIDS, and this fascinating book brings into focus many aspects of the epidemic in the longer context of massive demographic growth, urbanization, and social change in Africa during the latter half of the twentieth century. The African AIDS Epidemic: A History is a brilliant introduction to the many aspects of the epidemic and the distinctive character of the virus.
Asylum on the Hill
Asylum on the Hill is the story of a great American experiment in psychiatry, a revolution in care for those with mental illness, as seen through the example of the Athens Lunatic Asylum. Built in southeast Ohio after the Civil War, the asylum embodied the nineteenth-century “gold standard” specifications of moral treatment. Stories of patients and their families, politicians, caregivers, and community illustrate how a village in the coalfields of the Hocking River valley responded to a national movement to provide compassionate care based on a curative landscape, exposure to the arts, outdoor exercise, useful occupation, and personal attention from a physician. Katherine Ziff’s compelling presentation of America’s nineteenth-century asylum movement shows how the Athens Lunatic Asylum accommodated political, economic, community, family, and individual needs and left an architectural legacy that has been uniquely renovated and repurposed. Incorporating rare photos, letters, maps, and records, Asylum on the Hill is a fascinating glimpse into psychiatric history.
Справочник фармакологии спорта. Лекарственные препараты спорта. Справочное пособие
Справочник содержит простые, доступные трактовки фармакологической поддержки тренировочного процесса в различных видах спорта. Для врачей, тренеров, спортсменов спорта высших достижений. Администрация сайта ЛитРес не несет ответственности за представленную информацию. Могут иметься медицинские противопоказания, необходима консультация специалиста.
Осложнения гастрэктомии
Книга посвящена ранним послеоперационным осложнениям гастрэктомии у больных раком желудка. Рассматриваются наиболее частые и грозные осложнения, это несостоятельность пищеводно-кишечного анастомоза, острый послеоперационный панкреатит, абсцессы брюшной полости, осложнения со стороны дыхательной системы. Подробно изучено влияние спленэктомии на частоту и характер послеоперационных осложнений. Освещена роль современной лучевой диагностики в ведении больных в послеоперационном периоде. Работа основана на результатах хирургического лечения 232 больных раком желудка, которым выполнили гастрэктомию в клинике факультетской хирургии им. Н.Н. Бурденко ГБОУ ВПО «Первый МГМУ им. И.М. Сеченова» в период с 2005 по 2013 г. Текст иллюстрирован многочисленными клиническими примерами, рентгенограммами, таблицами, авторскими рисунками. Для хирургов, онкологов, анестезиологов-реаниматологов.
Хронический тонзиллит и ангина. Иммунологические и клинические аспекты
Книга посвящена одним из самых распространенных заболеваний – хроническому тонзиллиту и ангине. Хронический тонзиллит и ангина встречаются в практике врачей разных специальностей – терапевтов, педиатров, инфекционистов и оториноларингологов. Авторы книги – известные клиницисты систематизировали и обобщили сведения об этих заболеваниях, представили современные методы диагностики и лечения, включающие традиционные и альтернативные средства. Книга рассчитана на врачей-оториноларингологов, терапевтов, инфекционистов, студентов медицинских вузов, интересующихся данной проблемой.
The History of Blood Transfusion in Sub-Saharan Africa
This first extensive study of the practice of blood transfusion in Africa traces the history of one of the most important therapies in modern medicine from the period of colonial rule to independence and the AIDS epidemic. The introduction of transfusion held great promise for improving health, but like most new medical practices, transfusion needed to be adapted to the needs of sub-Saharan Africa, for which there was no analogous treatment in traditional African medicine. This otherwise beneficent medical procedure also created a “royal road” for microorganisms, and thus played a central part in the emergence of human immune viruses in epidemic form. As with more developed health care systems, blood transfusion practices in sub-Saharan Africa were incapable of detecting the emergence of HIV. As a result, given the wide use of transfusion, it became an important pathway for the initial spread of AIDS. Yet African health officials were not without means to understand and respond to the new danger, thanks to forty years of experience and a framework of appreciating long-standing health risks. The response to this risk, detailed in this book, yields important insight into the history of epidemics and HIV/AIDS. Drawing on research from colonial-era governments, European Red Cross societies, independent African governments, and directly from health officers themselves, this book is the only historical study of the practice of blood transfusion in Africa.
Living Well with a Myeloproliferative Neoplasm (MPN)
The journey through a diagnosis of MPN is different for each person and there is no road map that will work for everyone. In her book, LIVING WELL with a Myeloproliferative Neoplasm, Dr. Krisstina Gowin provides an essential guide to treatment options and symptom management, while helping patients and their caregivers take an informed and active role in getting quality care, communicating with their healthcare team, and developing a support system. As importantly, she addresses all aspects of the patient—body, mind, psychosocial and spiritual health—promoting overall wellness in bodies already challenged by disease. By following Dr. Gowin’s integrative approach— combining traditional and complementary therapies—MPN patients can get started on a path to living the best life possible every day.