Медицина
Различные книги в жанре МедицинаUric Acid in Chronic Kidney Disease
Hyperuricemia is often associated with life-style related disorders such as diabetes mellitus, hypertension, and dyslipidemia, which, in turn, are major causes of CKD. Improved management of hyperuricemia is thus expected to be beneficial for both the general population and CKD patients. This book presents new information on uric acid in tubular transport, early recognition of renal lesions, genetic predisposition, preeclampsia, metabolic syndrome, diabetes, high blood pressure in the young, and the relationship with vitamin D. Moreover, the relationship between AKI and uric acid, as well as the rejection of renal transplants due to hyperuricemia, are discussed. This publication will be of interest to both general practitioners and researchers working in the field of CKD. It provides new insights into renal damage caused by hyperuricemia and into prevention and treatment possibilities.
Acute Kidney Injury - Basic Research and Clinical Practice
Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) is a complex syndrome that is prevalent among hospitalized patients. In recent years, occurrence of AKI events has risen due to a growing susceptibility of fragile and elderly subjects and an increase in the use of complex procedures such as cardiovascular surgery and imaging techniques. Exposure to potentially nephrotoxic drugs, such as new chemotherapeutic agents, is also proving to be a cause of AKI. This book summarizes recent advances in various settings. A reappraisal of current definitions and staging classifications for AKI in the literature is followed by a description of new criteria for identifying patients at risk and characterizing early kidney damage by using biomarkers. Other important topics include the sequelae of AKI and AKI in special populations such as children, the elderly, and those with cancer. The effects of AKI and its consequences on healthcare expenditures are also addressed from several perspectives. AKI management requires the cooperation of different specialists to optimize outcomes. This book is thus a perfect tool not only for nephrologists, but for every specialist involved in the complicated endeavor of improving patient care.
Intracranial Gliomas Part II - Adjuvant Therapy
Treatment of patients with intracranial gliomas, especially high-grade neoplasms, usually requires postoperative adjuvant therapy. Significant progress in the understanding of tumor biology, technological advances in irradiation delivery, and development of novel antitumor drugs have led to an expansion of the therapeutic arsenal in neuro-oncology. This publication provides a unique review of the various options for adjuvant therapy. Special emphasis is on current evidence-based treatment standards and guidelines, and on perspectives of further improvement in long-term outcomes. Chapters review the histopathological and molecular features of gliomas and describe basic principles and clinical results of fractionated radiotherapy, stereotactic radiosurgery, brachytherapy, use of radiosensitizers, systemic chemotherapy and antiangiogenic therapy. Particular attention is paid to treatment of pediatric patients and to physical and psychological rehabilitation and supportive care at the end of life. This book and its accompanying volumes are mainly directed at neuro-oncologists, radiation oncologists, and other clinicians treating patients with brain tumors.
Current Concepts in Movement Disorder Management
This book summarizes the current state of movement disorder management and the role of surgical therapies as an alternative to medication. Following a chapter on the history of movement disorder surgery, leaders in their fields describe the pathophysiology, functional neuroanatomy, clinical presentation, and medical management of Parkinson’s disease, dystonia, and essential tremor. This is followed by chapters on the spectrum of movement disorder surgery itself, from the lesioning procedures of radiofrequency ablation, stereotactic radiosurgery, and high-frequency ultrasound to the modulatory procedures of “asleep”, image-guided deep brain stimulation (DBS) and “awake”, microelectrode-guided DBS. The final chapters focus on closed-loop DBS, drug-delivery, gene therapy, and other emerging neurosurgical therapies, highlighting long-standing experimental strategies that are reaching exciting phases of clinical translation. This volume is a valuable tool for accessing the wide spectrum of concepts that currently define this dynamic field.
Pediatric Epidemiology
Pediatric epidemiology differs substantially from general epidemiology especially when it comes to ethical, developmental and societal aspects. This unique book addresses biological considerations and ethical and legal questions in dealing with pediatric and adolescent populations. Classic topics, such as how to recruit representative samples, how to deal with confounding variables, and how to work with genetic information are the core areas of the book are also in focus. Last but not the least, this volume adds to the current understanding of global trends in occurrence, transmission, and control of epidemic pediatric diseases. This book not only serves as a textbook for epidemiologists, pediatricians, geneticists, and child and public health specialists but is also a key reference for those embarking on pediatric cohort studies and epidemiological studies involving the pediatric population.
Current Perspectives in Kidney Diseases
After years of stagnation, much has been happening in the diagnosis and treatment of kidney diseases. This book contains a comprehensive review of the main developments in AKI, CKD, hemodialysis and kidney transplantation. The section on AKI deals with the key innovations in extracorporeal technologies. The section on nephrology and CKD concentrates on mineral metabolism alterations, restenosis in hemodialytic fistulas, mycophenolate mofetil as an alternative treatment for IgA nephropathy, and the genetics and progression of autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease. The part on hemodialysis includes contributions on expanded hemodialysis, potassium profiling and home hemodialysis. Chapters on the treatment of acute antibody-mediated rejection after transplantation, pathogenesis and therapy of chronic allograft injury, and non-invasive surrogate biomarkers of acute rejection round out the subjects covered. Due to the wide variety of topics included in each section, this book is not only of interest to nephrologists, but also to professionals from related fields.
Protein in Neonatal and Infant Nutrition: Recent Updates
Protein plays a vital role in growth and development and is able to 'program' healthy growth by influencing gene methylation for positive long-term health outcomes. The understanding of these mechanisms is critical to support and improve the health of future generations in both the short and long term.The first part of this book reviews the role of hydrolyzed proteins in infant feeding and the evidence-based benefits of their use in non-breastfed infants at risk of allergy and in infants with functional gastrointestinal disorders. The second part focuses on human milk and its potential alternatives in the feeding of healthy term infants. The final section is dedicated to preterm infants, their nutrition needs, and physiological capacities to ingest adequate amounts of protein for appropriate growth and development. Presenting the latest scientific findings on protein in early nutrition, this publication provides essential reading for pediatricians and researchers alike.
Pediatric Ear Diseases
Due to the complex anatomical structure of the temporal bone, imaging diagnosis requires a very high degree of expertise. This atlas is not only helpful to assess pediatric ear disorders accurately, but also provides a treasure trove to experts. It consists of a pediatric temporal bone imaging atlas followed by case reports of typical pediatric ear diseases. In the first part complete contiguous temporal bone CT sections of an infant and an older child are shown along with a detailed listing of anatomical names of the structures. It further presents developmental changes in size, shape, location and orientation of the primary components of the temporal bone. The second part contains case images in combination with reference illustrations of a healthy child in the same age range allowing the reader to identify the key findings of the disorder with only one reference book at hand. Further images illustrate the posttreatment follow-up. This publication which is translated from the successful Japanese edition (2011) will be essential for otorhinolaryngologists and pediatricians particularly interested in pediatric ear diseases. Its unique layout makes it also a very effective tool for students learning image diagnosis.