Religious Tourism and the Environment. Группа авторов

Assistant: Lauren Davies

      Production Editor: Tim Kapp

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      Printed and bound in the UK by CPI Group (UK) Ltd, Croydon, CR0 4YY

       Contents

       Contributors

       1 The Environmental Impacts of Religious Tourism

       Kiran A. Shinde and Daniel H. Olsen

       2 Pilgrimage, Religious Tourism, Biodiversity, and Natural Sacred Sites

       Daniel H. Olsen

       3 Managing the Environment in Religious Tourism Destinations: A Conceptual Model

       Kiran A. Shinde

       4 Human Sanctuaries Can Be Created Everywhere: Pilgrimage, Tourism, and Conservation in Vrindavan, India

       Joshua Nash

       5 The Beyul: Sherpa Perspectives on Landscapes Characteristics and Tourism Development in Khumbu (Everest), Nepal

       Sanjay K. Nepal, Yang Mu and Po-Hsin Lai

       6 Religious Tourism and Environmental Conservation in Lumbini, the Birthplace of Lord Buddha, World Heritage Site, Nepal

       Anouk Lafortune-Bernard, Rajendra N. Suwal, Kai Weise and Robin A.E. Coningham

       7 Interreligious Dialogue: Trees, Stones, Water, and Interfaith Ritual Experiences in Lebanon

       Nour Farra Haddad

       8 Mimicking Mountains: Antoni Gaudí’s Sagrada Família and the Mountain of Montserrat

       Josep-Maria Garcia-Fuentes

       9 Disease- and Health-related Issues at Mass Religious Gatherings

       Daniel H. Olsen

       10 The Natural Environment and Waste Management at the Hajj

       Jahanzeeb Qurashi

       11 The Effects of Natural Disasters on Religious Tourism Sites: Earthquakes in the Spiritual Heart of Italy

       Michael Di Giovine and Elisa Ascione

       12 Religion, the Environment, and Sacred Places: Lessons Learned and Future Directions

       Daniel H. Olsen and Kiran A. Shinde

       Index

       Contributors

      Elisa Ascione is the Coordinator of the Center for Food and Sustainability Studies at the Umbra Institute, a US study abroad program located in the city of Perugia, Italy. Elisa teaches courses on Sustainability and Food Production, the Anthropology of Food and Eating, and History and Culture of Food in Italy. She has received an MA in Refugee Studies from the University of East London, UK, and a PhD in Anthropology from The University of Perugia. She has conducted research and published on heritagization processes of foods in Central Italy, and on the intersection of migration, work and gender relations in Italy. Center for Food and Sustainability Studies, The Umbra Institute, Piazza IV Novembre, 06123, Perugia, Italy. E-mail: [email protected].

      Robin A.E. Coningham holds UNESCO’s Chair in Archaeological Ethics and Practice in Cultural Heritage at Durham University, UK, and has extensive experience of archaeology and post-disaster heritage interventions across southern Asia. He is interested in community engagement with archaeological excavations and site preservation, and the balance between heritage protection, pilgrimage and development. Department of Archaeology, Durham University, Durham, UK, DL1 3LE. E-mail: [email protected].

      Michael A. Di Giovine is Associate Professor of Anthropology at West Chester University and Director of its Museum of Anthropology and Archaeology. He is also Honorary Fellow in the Department of Anthropology at the University of Wisconsin-Madison. A former tour operator, Michael is Convenor of the Anthropology of Tourism Interest Group at the American Anthropological Association. He has spoken and published widely on pilgrimage, tourism, and heritage; among his many publications are The Seductions of Pilgrimage: Sacred Journeys Afar and Astray in the Western Religious Tradition (Ashgate, 2015) and Pilgrimage Beyond the Officially Sacred (Routledge 2020). He is the Book Reviews Editor of Journeys and The Journal of Tourism and Cultural Change, and is editor of the book series The Anthropology of Tourism: Heritage, Mobility and Society (Lexington Books). West Chester University of Pennsylvania, 775 S. Church Street, West Chester, Pennsylvania, 19383, USA. E-mail: [email protected].

      Nour Farra-Haddad is a Senior Researcher and lecturer at St-Joseph University of Beirut, at The Lebanese University, and at the American University of Science and Technology in Lebanon. She is a specialist in pilgrimages and religious tourism. She founded and managed Lebanon Roots, the travel agency of the Lebanese Maronite Order, for five years, and currently manages her own travel consultancy company called NEOS. She holds a one PhD in Religious Anthropology, a Masters Degree in Anthropology, and two Bachelor Degrees in Archaeology and Sociology. She also holds a Diploma in Tour Guiding from the Ministry of Tourism, and is a founding member of the Association for the Development of Pilgrimages and Religious Tourism (APL). She is the author of two touristic guides: Wiz Kids and Eco Lebanon: Nature and Rural Tourism, and recently developed an app promoting Interreligious Tourism in Lebanon called “Holy Lebanon.” Lecturer (USJ-FSR, UL, AUST), Beirut-Lebanon, Sin el Fil, Cityrama, Pasteur street, Vanlian Bldg No 12, 5th Floor, Lebanon. E-mail: [email protected]

      Josep-Maria Garcia-Fuentes is an architect and Senior Lecturer in Architecture at the School of Architecture, Planning and Landscape of Newcastle University, UK. He is also a Fellow at the Catalan Observatory at the London School of Economics and a Visiting Professor at the Politecnico di Milano in Italy. Josep-Maria’s PhD analysed the construction of modern Montserrat. He currently does research on architecture, architectural