Secondary Metabolites of Medicinal Plants. Bharat Singh

cannabinoid production was increased by the UV-B radiation treatment in the cells of C. sativa (Pate 1983). It is clear from findings that the genes of polyketide synthase catalyze the synthesis of olivetolic acid. This has strong similarity with chalcone synthase; it is considered as one of the important UV-B-regulated enzyme (Pacifico et al. 2008; Zhang and Björn 2009). Cannabidiol was synthesized from nonenzymatic decarboxylation of its precursor molecule, cannabidiolic acid. The cannabidiolic acid inhibits the growth of MDA-MB-231 human breast cancer cells. In this mechanism, the growth of these cancer cells was inhibited by cyclic adenosine monophosphate (AMP)-dependent protein kinase A, by clubbing of activated GTPase, Ras homolog gene family member A (RhoA). It was proposed that RhoA signaling pathway activation leads to the inhibition of the mobility of MDA-MB-231 cancer cells (Takeda et al. 2012). Cannabidiol was the most effective in the analgesic activity tested orally and was used topically to antagonize tetradecanoylphorbol acetate-induced erythema of skin. Actually, Δ¹-tetrahydrocannabinol and cannabinol were not more effective in analgesic activity; it suggests a structural relationship between analgesic activity and anti-inflammatory activity among the cannabinoids related to their peripheral actions and separate from the central effects of Δ¹-tetrahydrocannabinol (Formukong et al. 1988).

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