Applied Organic Chemistry. Surya K. De

Friedländer Synthesis or Annulation Knorr Pyrrole Synthesis Madelung Indole Synthesis Paal–Knorr Furan Synthesis Paal–Knorr Pyrrole Synthesis Pictet–Gams Isoquinoline Synthesis Pictet–Spengler Reaction Skraup Quinoline Synthesis

      19  11 Protection and Deprotection of Common Functional Groups Amines Alcohols For 1,2‐Diols For 1,3‐Diols For Phenols Protection and Deprotection for the Carboxylic Acid Group Protection and Deprotection of Carbonyl Group Protection and Deprotection of Terminal Alkyne References Alcohols Protection and Deprotection for the Carboxylic Acid Group Protection and Deprotection of Carbonyl Group Protection for the Terminal Alkyne CH

      20  12 Amino Acids and Peptides Natural Amino Acids Nonnatural Amino Acids Solution‐Phase Peptide Synthesis Solid‐Phase Peptide Synthesis Cleavage Cocktail Cleavage Cocktail A Cleavage Cocktail B Reagents and conditions Covalent Peptides Staple Peptides Building Blocks for Stapled Peptides (Both L and D Analogs of Amino Acids Are Available) References

      21  13 Functional Group Transformation Alcohol to Aldehyde Secondary Alcohol to Ketone Primary Alcohol to Carboxylic Acid 1,2‐Diol Oxidation Alcohol to Fluoride [11,14,15] Alcohol to Chloride Alcohol to Bromide Alcohol to Iodide [13] Alcohol to Ester Alcohol to Ether Alcohol to Sulfonic Ester Alcohol to Methylene Alcohol to Azide Azide to Amine Aldehyde to Alcohol Aldehyde to Carboxylic Acid Aldehyde to Difluoro [14, 15] Ketone to Alcohol Ketone to Ester Ketone to Difluoro [14,15] Ketone to Methylene Ketone to Thioketone Acid (Carboxylic) to Ester Acid to Amide Acid to Ketone Ester to Acid Ester to Aldehyde Ester to Alcohol Ester to Ketone Nitro to Amine Alkene to Epoxide Alkene to Alkane Alkyne to Alkane Alkyne to Alkene Cyano to Carboxylic Acid Cyano to Amine [16] Cyano to Amide Methyl Phenyl Ether to Phenol [17, 18] Toluene to Benzyl Halides Alkylbenzene to Benzoic Acid Aromatic Amine to Azide Aromatic Halide to Aldehyde [21] Aromatic Halide to Benzoic Acid [22] Thioether