CLEP Biology. Sharon A Wynne

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       CLEP

      College Level Examination Program

       Biology

      Sharon Wynne

       Copyright © 2016

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      Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data

      Wynne, Sharon

      CLEP Biology/ Sharon Wynne

      ISBN: 978-1-60787-522-2

      1. CLEP2. Study Guides3. Biology

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       Printed in the United States of America

      CLEP College Biology

      ISBN: 978-1-60787-522-2

       BIOLOGY

       Description of the Examination

      The Biology examination covers material that is usually taught in a one-year college general biology course. The subject matter tested covers the broad field of the biological sciences, organized into three major areas: molecular and cellular biology, organismal biology, and population biology.

      The examination gives approximately equal weight to these three areas. The examination contains approximately 115 questions to be answered in 90 minutes. Some of these are pretest questions that will not be scored. Any time candidates spend on tutorials and providing personal information is in addition to the actual testing time.

       Knowledge and Skills Required

      Questions on the Biology examination require candidates to demonstrate one or more of the following abilities.

       Knowledge of facts, principles, and processes of biology

       Understanding the means by which information is collected, how it is interpreted, how one hypothesizes from available information, how one draws conclusions and makes further predictions

       Understanding that science is a human endeavor with social consequences

      The subject matter of the Biology examination is drawn from the following topics. The percentages next to the main topics indicate the approximate percentage of exam questions on that topic.

       33%Molecular and Cellular Biology

       Chemical composition of organisms

       Simple chemical reactions and bonds

       Properties of water

       Chemical structure of carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, nucleic acids

       Origin of life

       Cells

       Structure and function of cell organelles

       Properties of cell membranes

       Comparison of prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells

       Enzymes

       Enzyme-substrate complex

       Roles of coenzymes

       Inorganic cofactors

       Inhibition and regulation

       Energy transformations

       Glycolysis, respiration, anaerobic pathways

       Photosynthesis

       Cell division

       Structure of chromosomes

       Mitosis, meiosis, and cytokinesis in plants and animals

       Chemical nature of the gene

       Watson-Crick model of nucleic acids

       DNA replication

       Mutations

       Control of protein synthesis: transcription, translation, posttranscriptional processing

       Structural and regulatory genes

       Transformation

       Viruses

       34%Organismal Biology

       Structure and function in plants with emphasis on angiosperms

       Root, stem, leaf, flower, seed, fruit

       Water and mineral absorption and transport

       Food translocation and storage

       Plant reproduction and development

       Alternation of generations in ferns, conifers, and flowering plants

       Gamete formation and fertilization

       Growth and development: hormonal control

       Tropisms and photoperiodicity

       Structure and function in animals with emphasis on vertebrates

       Major systems (e.g., digestive, gas exchange, skeletal, nervous, circulatory, excretory, immune)

       Homeostatic mechanisms

       Hormonal control in homeostasis and reproduction

       Animal reproduction and development

       Gamete formation, fertilization

       Cleavage, gastrulation, germ layer formation, differentiation of organ systems

       Experimental analysis of vertebrate development

       Extraembryonic membranes of vertebrates

       Formation and function of the mammalian placenta

       Blood circulation in the human embryo

       Principles