A Sephardi Life in Southeastern Europe. Aron Rodrigue

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      A Sephardi Life in Southeastern Europe

      The Autobiography and Journal of Gabriel Arié, 1863–1939

      A Sephardi Life in Southeastern Europe

      The Autobiography and Journal of Gabriel Arié, 1863–1939

       Edited by

      Esther Benbassa and Aron Rodrigue

      Translated by Jane Marie Todd

       A SAMUEL AND ALTHEA STROUM BOOK

      University of Washington Press

       Seattle and London

       To the memory of the Jewish communities of Bulgaria

      This book is published

      with the assistance of a grant

      from the Stroum Book Fund,

      established through the generosity

      of Samuel and Althea Stroum.

      Copyright © 1998 by the University of Washington Press

      Printed in the United States of America

      All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopy, recording, or any information storage or retrieval system, without permission in writing from the publisher.

      Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data

      Arié, Gabriel, 1863–1939.

      [Vie judéo-espagnole à I’Est. English]

      A Sephardi life in Southeastern Europe : the autobiography and journal of Gabriel Arié, 1863–1939 / edited by Esther Benbassa and Aron Rodrigue: translated by Jane Marie Todd.

      p. cm.

      “A Samuel and Althea Stroum book.”

      Includes bibliographical references and index.

      ISBN 0-295-97674-8 (alk. paper)

      1. Arié, Gabriel, 1863–1939. 2. Jews—Bulgaria—Sofia—Biography. 3. Sephardim—Bulgaria—Sofia—Biography. 4. Sofia (Bulgaria)—Biography. I. Benbassa, Esther. II. Rodrigue, Aron. III. Title.

DS135.B85A75313 1998	97-33415
949.9’004924’0092—dc21	CIP
[B]	r97

      The paper used in this publication is acid-free and recycled from 10 percent post-consumer and at least 50 percent pre-consumer waste. It meets the minimum requirements of American National Standard for Information Sciences—Permanence of Paper for Printed Library Materials, ANSI Z39.48–1984. ∞

      Contents

       List of Illustrations

       Preface to the English Edition

       A Note on the Documents

       Map of Bulgaria and Neighboring Regions

       Genealogy of Gabriel Arié’s Immediate Family

       Introduction

       PART I

       AUTOBIOGRAPHY AND CORRESPONDENCE (1863–OCTOBER 1906)

       Preface

       1 / My Parents, Childhood Memories (1863–1873)

       2 / Primary School (1874–1877)

       3 / Constantinople (1877–1878)

       4 / Paris (1878–1881)

       5 / Constantinople (1881–1885)

       6 / Sofia, in Business (1885–1887)

       7 / The School in Sofia (1887–1893)

       8 / Smyrna, First Period (1893–1901)

       9 / Smyrna, Second Period (1901–1906)

       PART II

       JOURNAL AND CORRESPONDENCE (1906–1939)

       10 / Davos (1906–1913)

       11 / The Balkan Wars and World War I (1913–1918)

       12 / The Interwar Period (1919–1939)

       Bibliography

       Index of Personal Names

       Index of Place Names

      Illustrations

       Map of Bulgaria and neighboring regions

       Genealogy of Gabriel Arié based on the manuscripts and documents of the Arié family

      PHOTOGRAPHS

       Gabriel Arié’s father, Nissim Arié, in Samakov

       Gabriel Arié, fifteen years old

       Gabriel Arié, at the beginning of his career as an Alliance instructor, in Istanbul

       Gabriel Arié with his brother Elia in Geneva in 1897

      Gabriel Arié, around the turn of the century, in Izmir

       Gabriel Arié, in Geneva in 1902

       Gabriel Arié in 1903 or 1904 being treated in a sanatorium in Switzerland

       Gabriel Arié, daughter Jeanne, mother Jaël, son Narcisse, wife Rachel, and brother Elia, in Davos, Switzerland, winter 1909

       Gabriel Arié with his nephew Félix in Sophia in 1911