Gardens in the Modern Landscape. Christopher Tunnard

25. See image in 1948, p. 68. Other images of the wall are in Brown, figs. 23 and (for the wall) 24. Tunnard’s various garden projects, which cannot be discussed fully in this context, are discussed fully in Jacques and Woudstra, though the relevant discussions are somewhat scattered through the volume. This is especially useful for Tunnard’s work at Gaulby, see below.

26. See Alison Hirsch, “Lawrence Halprin: The Choreography of Private Gardens,” Studies in the History of Gardens and Designed Landscapes 27, no. 4 (2007), being a collection of and commentary on Halprin’s drawings and plans of American gardens in the Architectural Archives of the University of Pennsylvania. Halprin records both his discovery of Tunnard’s book in Wisconsin (“I realized it was speaking my language”) and his subsequent work under him at Harvard in A Life Spent Changing Places (Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press, 2011); Halprin also records Tunnard’s “helping” Philip Johnson with his garden, pp. 42–45.

27. These suburban garden ideas are illustrated in Jacques and Woudstra, 37, 39, and 40.

28. See Marc Treib and Dorothée Imbert, Garret Eckbo: Modern Landscape for Living (Berkeley: University of California Press, 1997), 33–38. When Eckbo, Dan Kiley, and James Rose wrote their articles on primeval, rural, and urban environments in Architectural Record (1939–40), Tunnard was referred to as “the English landscapist.”

29. Some of these American designs are discussed and illustrated in Jacques and Woudstra, 165–78.

30. These issues have been scanned at Harvard: http://pds.lib.harvard.edu/pds/view/45295213.

31. Jacques and Woudstra, 1 and 35–36.

32. Ibid., 235–36, citing the Tunnard Yale archives.

33. From catalog entry for the exhibition “Garden and Landscape,” organized by the Institute of Landscape Architecture and held at the Royal Institute of British Architects. See Jacques and Woudstra, 38ff.

34. Jacques and Woudstra, 218.

35. Neckar, “The Garden in the Modern Landscape,” 144.

36. The first half of Tunnard’s book The City of Man (New York: Scribner’s, 1953) was firmly grounded in history, and he acknowledged a special debt to Henry Hope Reed, a determined nay-sayer on modernism.

      GARDENS

      IN THE MODERN LANDSCAPE

       First edition printed 1938Second (revised) edition printed 1948

      Printed in Great Britain by Billing and Sons Ltd., Guildford and Esher

      p7358

      GARDENS

      IN THE MODERN LANDSCAPE

       By Christopher Tunnard

       Associate Professor of City Planning, Yale University

      Second (revised) edition with new material on American Gardens, and a note on the Modern Garden by Dean Joseph Hudnut of Harvard University

      London: The Architectural Press

      New York: Charles Scribner’s Sons

      CONTENTS

       FOREWORD

       LANDSCAPE INTO GARDEN

       I. Reason and Romanticism

       The Grotto. A manifestation of the taste for “Awful Beauty” in the eighteenth-century garden

       II. The Verdant Age

       A Garden Landscape, 1740. Pain’s Hill, Surrey

       III. Pictures versus Prospects

       A Garden Landscape, 1840. Redleaf, Penshurst

       THE NINETEENTH-CENTURY TRADITION

       I. Victorian Ideals

       II. Colour and the Cottage Garden

       III. Science and Specialization

       TOWARDS A NEW TECHNIQUE

       I. Functional Aspects of Garden Planning

       II. Asymmetrical Garden Planning

       III. Art and Ornament

       Modern Interpretations of Traditional Forms

       IV. The Planter’s Eye

       Architects’ Plants

       GARDEN INTO LANDSCAPE

       I. Gardens in the Modern Landscape

       The Garden in the Landscape. A summary of characteristic development over 200 years

       II. Community Gardens

       III. A Solution for Today

       The Minimum Garden

       A Garden Landscape in Transition. Claremont, Surrey

       IV. The Wider Planning

       MODERN AMERICAN GARDENS

      THE MODERN GARDEN. By Joseph Hudnut

       BIBLIOGRAPHY

       INDEX

      FOREWORD

      IT is now ten years since the material in these pages first appeared in The Architectural Review. Very little creative work has been done during the interval owing to the war. The author, like everyone else, has been engaged in other occupations, with little time for reflection on the charm of natural things; but since it is his publisher’s and his own opinion that the book should reappear very much in its original form, a few remarks on conclusions reached during this relatively inactive period may not come amiss.

      The opinion expressed in the book that the eighteenth-century invention of landscape gardening was among the most notable