The Atlantic Monthly, Volume 10, No. 57, July, 1862. Various

it rests. Its truth at first appears to be beyond dispute, but it is possible that all the witnesses lied, and that the whole process was a made-up thing to aid in reconciling the public to the summary destruction of so illustrious a man as Surrey; and it was well adapted to that end,—the English people having exceeded all others in their regard for domestic decencies and in reverence for the family relations of the sexes. Should it be said that it is more probable that Surrey was guilty of the moral offence charged upon him than that his sister could be guilty of inventing the story and then of perjuring herself to support it, we can but reply, that Lady Rocheford, wife of Anne Boleyn's brother, testified that Anne had been guilty of incest with that brother, and afterward, when about to die, admitted that she had perjured herself. Of the two offences, supposing Lady Richmond to have sworn away her brother's life, that of Lady Rocheford was by far the more criminal, and it is beyond all doubt. So long as there is room for doubting Surrey's guilt, we shall follow the teaching of the charitable maxim of our law, and give him the benefit of the doubt which is his due.

      The question of the guilt or innocence of Anne Boleyn is a tempting one, in connection with Henry VIII.'s history; but we have not now the space that is necessary to treat it justly. We may take it up another time, and follow Mr. Froude through his ingenious attempts to show that Anne must have been guilty of incest and adultery, or else—dreadful alternative!—we must come to the conclusion that Henry VIII. was not the just man made perfect on earth.

* * * * *

      WHY THEIR CREEDS DIFFERED

      Bedded in stone, a toad lived well,

        Cold and content as toad could be;

      As safe from harm as monk in cell,

        Almost as safe from good was he

      And "What is life?" he said, and dozed;

        Then, waking, "Life is rest," quoth he:

      "Each creature God in stone hath closed,

        That each may have tranquillity.

      "And God Himself lies coiled in stone,

        Nor wakes nor moves to any call;

      Each lives unto himself alone,

        And cold and night envelop all."

      He said, and slept. With curious ear

        Close to the stone, a serpent lay.

      "'T is false," he hissed with crafty sneer,

        "For well I know God wakes alway.

      "And what is life but wakefulness,

        To glide through snares, alert and wise,—

      With plans too deep for neighbors' guess,

        And haunts too close for neighbors' eyes?

      "For all the earth is thronged with foes,

        And dark with fraud, and set with toils:

      Each lies in wait, on each to close,

        And God is bribed with share of spoils."

      High in the boughs a small bird sang,

        And marvelled such a creed should be.

      "How strange and false!" his comment rang;

        "For well I know that life is glee.

      "For all the plain is flushed with bloom,

        And all the wood with music rings,

      And in the air is scarcely room

        To wave our myriad flashing wings.

      "And God, amid His angels high,

        Spreads over all in brooding joy;

      On great wings borne, entranced they lie,

        And all is bliss without alloy."

      "Ah, careless birdling, say'st thou so?"

        Thus mused a man, the trees among:

      "Thy creed is wrong; for well I know

        That life must not be spent in song.

      "For what is life, but toil of brain,

        And toil of hand, and strife of will,—

      To dig and forge, with loss and pain,

        The truth from lies, the good from ill,—

      "And ever out of self to rise

        Toward love and law and constancy?

      But with sweet love comes sacrifice,

        And with great law comes penalty.

      "And God, who asks a constant soul,

        His creatures tries both sore and long:

      Steep is the way, and far the goal,

        And time is small to waste in song."

      He sighed. From heaven an angel yearned:

        With equal love his glances fell

      Upon the man with soul upturned,

        Upon the toad within its cell.

      And, strange! upon that wondrous face

        Shone pure all natures, well allied:

      There subtlety was turned to grace,

        And slow content was glorified;

      And labor, love, and constancy

        Put off their dross and mortal guise,

      And with the look that is to be

        They looked from those immortal eyes.

      To the faint man the angel strong

        Beached down from heaven, and shared his pain:

      The one in tears, the one in song,

        The cross was borne betwixt them twain.

      He sang the careless bliss that lies

        In wood-bird's heart, without alloy;

      He sang the joy of sacrifice;

        And still he sang, "All life is joy."

      But how, while yet he clasped the pain,

        Thrilled through with bliss the angel smiled,

      I know not, with my human brain,

        Nor how the two he reconciled.

* * * * *

      PRESENCE

      It was a long and terrible conflict,—I will not say where, because that fact has nothing to do with my story. The Revolutionists were no match in numbers for the mercenaries of the Dictator, but they fought with the stormy desperation of the ancient Scythians, and they won, as they deserved to win: for this was another revolt of freedom against oppression, of conscience against tyranny, of an exasperated people against a foreign despot. Every eye shone with the sublimity of a great principle, and every arm was nerved with a strength grander and more enduring than that imparted by the fierceness of passion or the sternness of pride. As I flew from one part of the field to another, in execution of the orders of my superior officer, I wondered whether blood as brave and good dyed the heather at Bannockburn, or streamed down the mountain-gorge where Tell met the Austrians at Morgarten, or stained with crimson glare the narrow pass held by the Spartan three hundred.

      Suddenly my horse, struck by a well-aimed ball, plunged forward in the death-struggle, and fell with me, leaving me stunned for a little time, though not seriously hurt. With returning consciousness came the quickened perception which sometimes follows a slight concussion of the brain, daguerreotyping upon my mind each individual of these fiery ranks, in vivid, even painful clearness. As I watched with intensified interest the hurrying