Peri-Implant Therapy for the Dental Hygienist. Susan S. Wingrove

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Название Peri-Implant Therapy for the Dental Hygienist
Автор произведения Susan S. Wingrove
Жанр Медицина
Серия
Издательство Медицина
Год выпуска 0
isbn 9781119766223



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alloy and are designed to replace the root of one or more teeth. They are classified as blade‐ or root‐form, cylindrical/press‐fit or screw‐threaded, and come in many different sizes, lengths, and shapes. The blade‐form endosteal implant (Figure 1.13) is wide, flat metal plate or blade in cross section available in different heights and lengths, some with tapered sides. They may replace one to multiple teeth with a single blade and were used for narrow bones in maxillary or mandible, which had sufficient height to accommodate the implant placed. The blade‐shaped implants (see Figure 1.13) were surgically placed into the bone, then posts were attached to the blade, and an individual crown or bridgework affixed on the posts after a healing period.

Schematic illustration of subperiosteal implant. Schematic illustration of transosteal implant.

      Reprinted from Taylor and Laney (23), with permission from the author.

Photo depicts blade-form implants.

      Courtesy of Dr. Frank Wingrove.

Schematic illustration of endosteal root-form implants.

      Reprinted from Taylor and Laney (23), with permission from the author.

      Looking to the future, we may see more endosteal implants made from ceramic (zirconia) or a combination of titanium and zirconia. Studies are being conducted due to its biocompatibility, tooth‐like color, mechanical properties, and low plaque affinity. It has the potential to become the alternative to titanium as the alloy of choice. More long‐term studies are being conducted on different rough surfaces with one‐piece ceramic (zirconia) dental implants, which to date, have an average of 95% success rate after 5 years (13). More specialized types of endosteal implants, to be aware of, are mini dental implants (MDIs) and zygoma implants.

Photo depicts mini dental implants.

      Courtesy of Glidewell.

      TADs are placed in adolescents to adults and used on an average of 6–12 months. Primarily used for stabilization and to assist in tooth movement without stressing the surrounding teeth. Also, used to force eruption of impacted canines or misaligned teeth, or to stabilize an appliance (14).

      Hygienist’s role is to identify TAD patients, monitor, and treat to eliminate the biofilm and prevent soft tissue inflammation. Be aware, TAD implants may be located in the sulcus or palate of the orthodontic patients. Give patients the tools (i.e., sulcus or end tuft brushes), antimicrobial rinse, and other recommendations to eliminate the oral biofilm. Biofilm will accumulate on these TADs and can prevent the success of the orthodontic treatment as well as the overall oral hygiene of the patient. TADs are a tool in the toolbox for orthodontist to enable teeth to be moved in especially noncompliant patients with good oral hygiene as the KEY, see Chapter 8 for more recommendations on at‐home‐care.

      There are many styles and types of dental implants that have been placed and are currently being placed on the market today. Their use is determined by the type of bone available and the prosthesis needed to accomplish the treatment. Implant systems have been developed by different manufactures with a variety of component parts, but there are primary components