Физика
Различные книги в жанре ФизикаMathematical Methods in Physics and Engineering
Intended for college-level physics, engineering, or mathematics students, this volume offers an algebraically based approach to various topics in applied math. It is accessible to undergraduates with a good course in calculus which includes infinite series and uniform convergence. Exercises follow each chapter to test the student's grasp of the material; however, the author has also included exercises that extend the results to new situations and lay the groundwork for new concepts to be introduced later. A list of references for further reading will be found at the end of each chapter. For this second revised edition, Professor Dettman included a new section on generalized functions to help explain the use of the Dirac delta function in connection with Green's functions. In addition, a new approach to series solutions of ordinary differential equations has made the treatment independent of complex variable theory. This means that the first six chapters can be grasped without prior knowledge of complex variables. However, since Chapter 8 depends heavily on analytic functions of a complex variable, a new Chapter 7 on analytic function theory has been written.
Fundamental Formulas of Physics, Volume Two
The republication of this book, unabridged and corrected, fills the need for a comprehensive work on fundamental formulas of mathematical physics. It ranges from simple operations to highly sophisticated ones, all presented most lucidly with terms carefully defined and formulas given completely. In addition to basic physics, pertinent areas of chemistry, astronomy, meteorology, biology, and electronics are also included.This is no mere listing of formulas, however. Mathematics is integrated into text, for the most part, so that each chapter stands as a brief summary or even short textbook of the field represented. The book, therefore, fills other needs than the primary function of reference and guide for research. The student will find it a handy review of familiar fields and an aid to gaining rapid insight into the techniques of new ones.The teacher will study it as a useful guide to a broad concept of physics. The chemist, astronomer, meteorologist, biologist, and engineer will not only derive valuable aid from their special chapters, but will understand how their specialty fits into the large scheme of physics.Vol. 1 chapter titles: Basic Mathematical Formulas, Statistics, Nomograms, Physical Constants, Classical Mechanics, Special Theory of Relativity, The General Theory of Relativity, Hydrodynamics and Aerodynamics, Boundary Value Problems in Mathematical Physics, Heat and Thermodynamics, Statistical Mechanics, Kinetic Theory of Gases: Viscosity, Thermal Conduction, and Diffusion, Electromagnetic Theory, Electronics, Sound and Acoustics.Vol. 2 chapter titles: Geometrical Optics, Physical Optics, Electron Optics, Molecular Spectra, Atomic Spectra, Quantum Mechanics, Nuclear Theory, Cosmic Rays and High-Energy Phenomena, Particle Accelerators, Solid State, Theory of Magnetism, Physical Chemistry, Basic Formulas of Astrophysics, Celestial Mechanics, Meteorology, Biophysics.
Mechanical Appliances, Mechanical Movements and Novelties of Construction
From the devices that power ships and trains to the workings of clocks, typewriters, and guns, this engrossing visual narrative profiles the specific and unique properties of hundreds of mechanical devices. Nearly 1,000 detailed illustrations depict steam-powered appliances, spring-powered devices, hydraulic equipment, and other machines, many of which remain in common use today. Each apparatus features a detailed line drawing and an informative explanation of its workings and uses. A final chapter chronicles 400 years of impassioned but futile searching for a perpetual motion machine.The companion to Dover's 1800 Mechanical Movements, Devices and Appliances, this volume features fewer but more complex machines than its predecessor. Today's readers—especially engineers, inventors, and other mechanically inclined individuals—will find endless fascination and inspiration among the novelty and variety of these ingenious mechanical designs.
Basic Optics and Optical Instruments
Designed as a training manual for Navy personnel (Opticalman 3 & 2), this book provides thorough coverage of the basic theory of optics and its applications. Newly revised and updated, it presents the subject matter with extraordinary clarity, stressing theory and application equally. It will serve admirably to supplement a course in which only one of these factors is emphasized.The book begins with an introduction to the Opticalman rating. It then goes on to discuss the characteristics of light, with special emphasis on wavelengths, reflection, and refraction. Two chapters contain a detailed discussion of the formation of images by mirrors, lenses, and prisms; these explain how images are formed by thin and thick lenses, how to use the lens formula, and how to determine the location of an image formed by an optical instrument. The mechanical construction, maintenance procedures, and machining operations of basic optical instruments are explained in detail, supplemented by chapters on maintenance procedures, basic instrument repair, machine shop practices, optical and navigation equipment maintenance, night vision sights and gunsights and submarine periscopes. A helpful four-part appendix includes a glossary, common formulae used in optical repair and machine operations, prefixes and symbols used in the metric system, and English and metric system units of measurement, with common equivalents and conversions. Profusely illustrated with 370 charts, diagrams, photographs, and drawings of tools and parts of instruments — including cross-sections that reveal inner workings — this manual is especially clear and well-organized. Although designed for use in U.S. Naval training schools, it can be used to great advantage as a basic text in optics in standard technical schools, and it will be immensely valuable even to the layman who desires a knowledge of the fundamentals of optics.
Basic Machines and How They Work
This revised edition of an extremely clear Navy training manual leaves nothing to be desired in its presentation. Thorough in its coverage of basic theory, from the lever and inclined plane to internal combustion engines and power trains, it requires nothing more than an understanding of the most elementary mathematics. Beginning with the simplest of machines — the lever — the text proceeds to discussions of the block and tackle (pulleys and hoists), wheel and axle, the inclined plane and the wedge, the screw, and different types of gears (simple, spur, bevel, herringbone, spiral, worm, etc.). A chapter on the concept of work discusses the measurement of work, friction, and efficiency; this is followed by investigations of power, force, and pressure, with explanations of the uses of scales, balances, gauges, and barometers. The fundamentals of hydrostatic and hydraulic machines (such as the hydraulic braking system and the hydraulic press) are discussed in detail. The remaining chapters cover machine elements (bearings and springs), basic mechanisms (gear differential, couplings, cams, clutches), the internal combustion engine and power trains (including explanations of various transmission systems — synchromesh, auxiliary, etc.). Every concept is clearly defined, and discussions always build easily from elementary theory to specific applications familiar to anyone with the slightest interest in mechanics. Important concepts, machine components, and techniques are clearly illustrated in more than 200 diagrams, drawings, and cross-sections that reveal inner workings — all of these help to clarify even further an already clear and well-organized presentation. Although it was originally designed for use in U.S. Naval Training Schools, this book can be used to great advantage as a basic text in mechanical engineering in standard technical schools, and it will be immensely valuable even to lay readers who desire a basic knowledge of mechanics.
The Creation of the Universe
"Fascinating. . . . Distinctly readable and highly informative." — San Francisco Chronicle.Since time immemorial, people have attempted to explain the origin of the world, from the creation myths of the ancients to the more sophisticated views that developed with the progress of observational astronomy. This lively and authoritative survey by an internationally famous physicist and one of the formulators of the Big Bang theory of cosmology offers captivating perspectives on the births of the galaxies, stars, chemical elements, and planetary systems.The author of such popular books as One Two Three . . . Infinity, George Gamow has introduced millions of readers to the concepts of relativity, atomic and nuclear physics, and other scientific subjects. Illustrated with diagrams and Gamow's own drawings, this remarkably accessible book explains complex and difficult concepts in a direct and simple manner, with minimal references to mathematics. The Creation of the Universe addresses both the Big Bang and Steady State theories of cosmogony, and is equally suitable for scientists from every field, as well as nonspecialists. Preface. Appendix. Index. 40 figures.
Physics and Philosophy
"There is no more eloquent, interesting or persuasive exposition of what may be called science of philosophy than Sir James Jeans's." — The New York TimesCan we have any knowledge of the world outside us other than we gain by the methods of science? Are we humans endowed with free will, or are we mere cogs in a vast machine that must follow its predestined course until it finally runs down? Is the world we perceive the world of ultimate reality, or is it only a curtain veiling a deeper reality beyond?In this strikingly lucid and often poetic book, one of the twentieth century's greatest scientists grapples with these age-old questions, achieving in the process a brilliant and non-technical exposition of the interrelationship between physics and philosophy. He begins by defining physics and philosophy, pointing out the difference in their respective attempts to explain physical reality and man's place in it. This discussion paves the way for an outline of epistemological methods in which the rationalism of thinkers like Descartes, Leibniz, and Kant is compared to the empiricism of Locke and Hume.Over the course of the book, in a manner that is careful and methodic but never dull, Jeans marshals the evidence for his startling conclusion: recent discoveries in astronomy, mathematics, sub-atomic physics, and other disciplines have washed away the scientific basis of many older philosophic discussions. Such long-standing problems as causality, free will and determinism, the nature of space and time, materialism and mentalism must be considered anew in the light of new knowledge and information attained by twentieth-century physical science. Even then, however, Jeans cautions against drawing any positive conclusions, pointing out that both physics and philosophy are both relatively young and that we are still in Newton's words, like children playing with pebbles on the sea-shore, while the great ocean of truth rolls, unexplored, beyond our reach.Although first published in 1943, nothing in physics has happened to affect Jeans's account in this book; it remains remarkably fresh and undated, a classic exposition of the philosophical implications of scientific knowledge.
Planet X - The 2017 Arrival
This book is a compendium of information from every sphere–astronomical, scientific, the Book of Revelation and geopolitics. It contains absolutely amazing revelations that direct us to one precise point in time in 2017. Planet X is a cryptogram and this book contains the keys necessary to decode it. When everything is considered together, it fits together perfectly like a watch.<br><br>The existence of Planet X is beyond any reasonable doubt, to a moral certainty. We examine proofs of its existence. In fact, if you want to ask one simple question that posits the theory of the reality of Planet X, just ask yourself where did 2.2 Trillion disappear to in the Pentagon's budget that Rumsfeld said was missing, and why do we have over 100 Underground Deep Bunkers throughout the U.S.? Why are critical government infrastructures moving from their susceptible positions on the East Coast to the protected areas of Colorado?<br><br>But let's look at the astronomical evidence. I have seen Planet X on the Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer (WISE) through WorldWide Telescope. This is a NASA infrared-wavelength astronomical space telescope, launched in December 2009. It is currently in the constellation Pisces, and is clearly marked as an Unidentified Object (but quite plainly visible dark red star) known as IC 5385. <br><br>If you'd like to view it yourself, you can install WorldWide Telescope. Just Google it and you'll be right at the page. It's an observatory on your desktop and the most sophisticated online program I've seen. You can view in multi-wavelength views and see stars and planets in context to each other. <br><br>But back to our main topic–Planet X. This book is a must-read and a Survival Guide to the most important story of the century. It's also a page-turner, so I invite you to read and experience it now.
Will Planet X Signal the Rapture?
My inspiration for this book was a vision that I'm aware of where it was revealed that in October of 2017 (I know the day but I'd rather not mention it at this point, but it is in October and in the very latter part) that Russia, China and North Korea would use a combination of drone submarines and unmarked container ships to engage in a nuclear attack on the US coast. The attack will occur between midnight and dawn, and they will attack both Britain and the U.S. simultaneously. God told him that as soon as the missiles appeared on the horizon, the rapture of the church would occur. <br><br>The Russians are planning this at a compartmentalized, high and secret level, and the reason for the date they have chosen is that it commemorates the 100th anniversary of the Russian Revolution. Afterwards, with Israel's protectors neutralized, they will invade the Middle East as Israel has a warm water port and the largest oil and gas fields on the planet (now known as the Leviathan gas fields). <br><br>The book, chapter by chapter, goes into the Biblical basis for this event and its precise timing. It explains what will happen afterwards. It most of all explains how an astronomical object, called by some Nibiru and also known as Planet X, will create the very environment from which such events occur.
Full Steam Ahead
Mechanical Engineering was the first school of engineering to be established at Purdue University in 1882. From just 120 students, the School has grown over the last 130 years to serve over 1,800 undergraduate and graduate students annually. Originally located in Mechanics Hall, a one-story red brick building, Mechanical Engineering now has extensive facilities that include two major satellite research laboratories, Ray W. Herrick Laboratories and Maurice J. Zucrow Laboratories, named in honor of the first director. There are more than 30 additional instructional and research laboratories, including the Roger B. Gatewood wing, which opened in 2011, and increased the space available to students and faculty by 44,000 square feet. Full Steam Ahead tells the story of the School of Mechanical Engineering and looks to a future where Purdue engineers are leading the world and making advances in biotechnology, nanotechnology, robotics, design and manufacturing, and renewable energy. Distinguished alumni included in this publication range from astronauts, like Gus Grissom and Jerry Ross, to Bob Peterson, lead writer and co-director for the Oscar-winning animated film, Up.