Managing Diabetes and Hyperglycemia in the Hospital Setting. Boris Draznin

      

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      The suggestions and information contained in this publication are generally consistent with the Standards of Medical Care in Diabetes and other policies of the American Diabetes Association, but they do not represent the policy or position of the Association or any of its boards or committees. Reasonable steps have been taken to ensure the accuracy of the information presented. However, the American Diabetes Association cannot ensure the safety or efficacy of any product or service described in this publication. Individuals are advised to consult a physician or other appropriate health care professional before undertaking any diet or exercise program or taking any medication referred to in this publication. Professionals must use and apply their own professional judgment, experience, and training and should not rely solely on the information contained in this publication before prescribing any diet, exercise, or medication. The American Diabetes Association—its officers, directors, employees, volunteers, and members—assumes no responsibility or liability for personal or other injury, loss, or damage that may result from the suggestions or information in this publication.

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      American Diabetes Association

      1701 North Beauregard Street

      Alexandria, Virginia 22311

      DOI: 10.2337/9781580406086

      Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Names: Draznin, Boris, editor. | American Diabetes Association, issuing body. Title: Managing diabetes and hyperglycemia in the hospital setting / Boris Draznin, editor. Description: Alexandria : The American Diabetes Association, [2016] | Includes bibliographical references and index. Identifiers: LCCN 2015045525 | ISBN 9781580406086 (alk. paper) Subjects: | MESH: Hyperglycemia—therapy. | Diabetes Mellitus—therapy. | Hospitalization. | Hyperglycemia—prevention & control. Classification: LCC RC660.7 | NLM WK 880 | DDC 616.4/62—dc23 LC record available at http://lccn.loc.gov/2015045525

Contents

       Contributors

       Preface

       Introduction

      Chapter 1 The Evolution of Glycemic Control in the Hospital Setting E. Moghissi and S. Inzucchi

      Chapter 2 The Diagnosis and Classification of Diabetes in Nonpregnant Adults I.B. Hirsch and L.M. Gaudiani

      Chapter 3 Perils of Glycemic Variability and Rapid Correction of Chronic Hyperglycemia S.S. Braithwaite and I.B. Hirsch

      Chapter 4 Insulin Errors in the Inpatient Setting R. Hellman

      Chapter 5 Food, Fasting, Insulin, and Glycemic Control in the Hospital M. Korytkowski, B. Draznin, and A. Drincic

      Chapter 6 Glycemic Control in the Setting of Parenteral Nutrition or Enteral Nutrition via Tube Feeding C.C. Low Wang, R.M. Hawkins, R. Gianchandani, and K. Dungan

      Chapter 7 Steroid-Associated Hyperglycemia N. Mathioudakis, K. Dungan, D. Baldwin, M. Korytkowski, and J. Reider

      Chapter 8 Transitioning from Intravenous to Subcutaneous Insulin L.F. Lien, C.C. Low Wang, K. Evans Kreider, and D. Baldwin, Jr.

      Chapter 9 Preoperative, Intraoperative, and Postoperative Glucose Management R. Gianchandani, E. Dubois, S. Alexanian, and R. Rushakoff

      Chapter 10 Treatment of Hyperglycemia on Medical and Surgical Units R.J. Rushakoff, H. Windham MacMaster, M. Falciglia, and K. Kulasa

      Chapter 11 Hospital Glucose Management of Post-Transplant Patients A. Sadhu, A. Kansara, U. Masharani, D. Baldwin, R. Rushakoff, and A. Wallia

      Chapter 12 Hyperglycemia in Patients Undergoing Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation S.J. Healy, B. Draznin, and K.M. Dungan

      Chapter 13 Management of Hospitalized Adult Patients with Cystic Fibrosis–Related Diabetes B. Draznin and R. Gianchandani

      Chapter 14 Improving the Safety and Effectiveness of Insulin Therapy in Hospitalized Patients with Diabetes and Chronic Renal Failure J. Apel and D. Baldwin

      Chapter 15 Insulin Resistance in Patients Treated with Therapeutic Hypothermia and in Patients with Severe Burns B. Draznin, K. Dungan, and S. Seggelke

      Chapter 16 Inpatient Management of Patients with Extreme Insulin Resistance Receiving U-500 Insulin A. Diesburg-Stanwood, N. Rasouli, and B. Draznin

      Chapter 17 Management of Patients Postpancreatectomy S. Kim, B. Draznin, and R.J. Rushakoff

      Chapter 18 Inpatient Management of Patients with Diabetes after Bariatric Surgery S. Alexanian and I.Lingvay

      Chapter 19 Emergency Department Management of Diabetes Patients with Non-crisis Hyperglycemia M.F. Magee, C.M. Nassar, J.J. Reyes-Castano, and M.E. McDonnell

      Chapter 20 Diabetic Gastroparesis: Update with Emphasis on Inpatient Management J. Calles-Escandón, K.L. Koch, B. Draznin, and A. Drincic

      Chapter 21 Inpatient Management of the Pregnant Woman with Diabetes E.O. Buschur, M.E. McDonnell, M.K. Figaro, and E.M. Eggleston

      Chapter 22 Diabetic Ketoacidosis and Hyperglycemic Hyperosmolar State J.S. Haw, R. Rushkoff, and G.E. Umpierrez

      Chapter 23 Hypoglycemia Prevention and Treatment J.L. Gilden, D.J. Rubin, K. Kulasa, and G. Maynard

      Chapter 24 Use of Continuous Subcutaneous Insulin Infusions in the Inpatient Setting: A Guide to Management E. Faulds, R. Rushakoff, U. Masharani, and K. Dungan

      Chapter 25 Continuous Glucose Monitoring in the Hospital P. Peter and S.E. Inzucchi

      Chapter 26 Noninsulin Therapies C.E. Mendez, R.Y. Gianchandani, and G.E. Umpierrez

      Chapter 27 Patient Education K. Rodriguez, L. Meneghini, J. Jeffrie Seley, and M.F. Magee

      Chapter 28 Nursing Education J. Jeffrie Seley, M.F. Magee, and R.J. Rushakoff

      Chapter 29 Resident Education R.J. Rushakoff, C. Low Wang, J. Jeffrie Seley, and A.L. Warnock

      Chapter 30 Transition of Care: Discharge from the Hospital D.J. Rubin, L.F. Meneghini, J. Jeffrie Seley, E. Cagliero,