Warsaw 1920: Lenin’s Failed Conquest of Europe. Adam Zamoyski

      

      WARSAW 1920

      Lenin’s Failed Conquest of Europe

      ADAM ZAMOYSKI

      COPYRIGHT

      Harper Press

      HarperCollinsPublishers

      77-85 Fulham Palace Road,

      Hammersmith, London W6 8JB

       www.harpercollins.co.uk

      Published by HarperCollinsPublishers 2008

      Copyright © Adam Zamoyski 2008

      The author asserts the moral right to be identified as the author of this work

      A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library

      All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise, without the prior permission of the publishers.

      HarperCollinsPublishers has made every reasonable effort to ensure that any picture content and written content in this ebook has been included or removed in accordance with the contractual and technological constraints in operation at the time of publication.

      Source ISBN: 9780007225521

      Ebook Edition © DECEMBER 2014 ISBN: 9780007284009

      Version: 2014-10-31

      Contents

       Cover

       Title Page

      Copyright

       List of Illustrations

       List of Maps

       Introduction

      1 Old Scores and New Dawns

      2 Playing Soldiers

      3 Grand Designs

      4 The Miracle on the Vistula

      5 Settling the Scores

      6 The Aftermath

       Keep Reading

       Sources

       Further Reading in English

       Index

      Also by the Author

      About the Publisher

      ILLUSTRATIONS

      Pilsudski reviewing volunteers setting off for the front. (Centralne Archiwum Wojskowe, Warsaw)

      Kamenev with soldiers of the Red Army. (The David King Archive, London)

      Russian infantry on parade. (The David King Archive, London)

      Russian heavy artillery outside Warsaw, August 1920. (The David King Archive, London)

      A colour party of Red cavalry, spring 1920. (The David King Archive, London)

      The Red cavalry’s secret weapon, the tachanka. (The David King Archive, London)

      Polish field artillery in Pinsk, spring 1920. (Centralne Archiwum Wojskowe, Warsaw)

      The Polish 16th Lancers marching through Równe, March 1920. (Biblioteka Ksiazat Czartoryskich, Kraków)

      Polish heavy artillery in Ukraine, May 1920. (Centralne Archiwum Wojskowe, Warsaw)

      The Polish Air Force’s Kosciuszko Squadron, made up of American volunteers. (The Polish Institute and Sikorski Museum, London) Polish armoured train. (Centralne Archiwum Wojskowe, Warsaw)

      A Russian divisional radio transmitter. (The David King Archive, London)

      Zeligowski. (Centralne Archiwum Wojskowe, Warsaw)

      Yakir. (The David King Archive, London)

      Uborevich. (The David King Archive, London)

      Sosnkowski. (The Józef Pilsudski Institute, London)

      A Russian armoured car captured by the Poles in the Kiev offensive.

       (Centralne Archiwum Wojskowe, Warsaw)

      Smigly-Rydz taking the salute as Polish troops march into Kiev, 7 May 1920. (The Józef Pilsudski Institute, London)

      Smigly-Rydz greeting the Ukrainian leader Ataman Symon Petlura in Kiev. (Centralne Archiwum Wojskowe, Warsaw)

      Recruits of the Ukrainian National Army parade before Petlura.

       (Centralne Archiwum Wojskowe, Warsaw)

      Lenin calling for volunteers to fight Poland, May 1920. (The David King Archive, London)

      Tukhachevsky. (The David King Archive, London)

      Szeptycki. (The Józef Pilsudski Institute, London)

      Stalin. (The David King Archive, London)

      Yegorov. (The David King Archive, London)

      Budionny and Voroshilov. (The David King Archive, London)

      Gai. (The David King Archive, London)

      Units of the Polish First Army in retreat, early August 1920. (The Józef Pilsudski Institute, London)

      The PolRevKom, Lenin’s government for Poland. (Centralne Archiwum Wojskowe, Warsaw)

      Soldiers of Budionny’s Konarmia, July 1920. (The David King Archive, London)

      Officers of the French military mission to Poland. (Centralne Archiwum Wojskowe, Warsaw)

      Haller. (The Józef Pilsudski Institute, London)

      Iwaszkiewicz. (Centralne Archiwum Wojskowe, Warsaw)

      A detachment of the Women’s Volunteer Legion, August 1920.

       (Centralne Archiwum Wojskowe, Warsaw)

      Sikorski. (Centralne Archiwum Wojskowe, Warsaw)

      Polish machine-gun emplacement outside Warsaw, August 1920.

       (Centralne Archiwum Wojskowe, Warsaw)

      Polish tanks at Minsk Mazowiecki, August 1920. (Centralne Archiwum Wojskowe, Warsaw)

      Polish infantry advancing outside Warsaw. (Centralne Archiwum Wojskowe, Warsaw)

      Pilsudski. (Centralne Archiwum Wojskowe, Warsaw)

      Men of Gai’s KonKorpus being disarmed by German lancers.

       (Centralne Archiwum Wojskowe, Warsaw)

      MAPS

       Europe after the Paris peace settlement

       The Kiev offensive and the battle of the Berezina