Secrets of the ancient Aries. Digest of articles. S. V. Zharnikova

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      Secrets of the ancient Aries

      Digest of articles

      S. V. Zharnikova

      Editor Алексей Германович Виноградов

      Translator Алексей Германович Виноградов

      Photograph Алексей Германович Виноградов

      © S. V. Zharnikova, 2025

      © Алексей Германович Виноградов, translation, 2025

      © Алексей Германович Виноградов, photos, 2025

      ISBN 978-5-0065-4517-5

      Created with Ridero smart publishing system

      Book scientific articles outstanding scientist S. V. Zharnikova devoted to the study of culture and ethnography of the Indo-Europeanpeoples. The birth of their rites and traditions. Reveals the secrets of Vedic history.

      Thread of knowledge

      The Russian North is an amazing, fabulous land. He is sung in our ancient songs, epics, traditions and legends. And not only in them. The most ancient myths of Greece tell about the distant northern side of Hyperborea, which lies near the coast of the cold Cronian Ocean. They told us that it was here, behind the harsh northeastern wind of Boreas, that there is a land where a wonderful tree with golden apples of eternal youth grows. At the foot of this tree, feeding its roots, a spring of living water gushes – the water of immortality. Here, for the golden apples of the maiden-birds of the Hesperides, the hero Hercules once went. In the far north, in Hyperborea, at Tartess – «the city where the wonders of the whole world sleep until the time comes for them to be born and come out to mortals on earth», the golden boat of the Sun was waiting for Hercules. And this is not surprising, because Hyperborea is the birthplace of the solar Apollo and here, according to the ancient Greek myth, snow-white winged swan horses brought him here every summer.

      But not only had the ancient Greeks glorified the distant northern land in their legends.

      From the depths of millennia, this hymn sounds to the land lying at the northern border of the world, near the shores of the Milky (White) Sea: «That country rises above evil, and therefore it is called the Ascended! It is believed that it is in the middle between the east and west… This is the ascended Golden Bucket road… In this vast northern land, a cruel, insensitive and lawless man does not live… There is a murava and a wonderful tree of gods… Here the Great Ancestor strengthened the Pole Star… The northern land is known as „ascended“, for it rises in all relationship». With such heartfelt words, the ancient Indian epic «Mahabharata» tells about the far circumpolar north.

      The Russian North – its forests and fields were not trampled by hordes of conquerors, its free and proud people, for the most part, did not know serfdom, and it is here that the most ancient songs, fairy tales, and epics of Russia have been preserved in purity and integrity. It is here, in the opinion of many researchers, that such archaic rituals, rituals, and traditions have been preserved, which are older than not only the ancient Greek ones, but even those recorded in the Vedas, the most ancient cultural monument of all Indo-European peoples.

      Paleolithic. Golden Age of Matriarchy

      Among the many unresolved problems of the history of the peoples of Eurasia, one of the most interesting is the problem of the ancient history of the European North of that distant time, in which we must look for the origins and roots of a peculiar and unique North Russian culture.

      «The fairy tale of the North is deep and captivating,» wrote Nicholas Roerich about this land.

      The northern winds are cheerful and cheerful. Northern lakes are brooding. Northern rivers are silvery. Darkened forests are wise. The green hills are seasoned. The gray stones in the circles are full of miracles. We are all looking for beautiful Ancient Russia.»

      «The people do not remember that he ever invented his own mythology, his language, his laws, customs and rituals. All these national foundations have already deeply entered his moral being, like life itself, experienced by him during many prehistoric centuries, as the past, on which the present order of things and all future development of life firmly rest. Therefore, all moral ideas for the people of the primitive epoch constitute their sacred tradition, the great native antiquity, the sacred testament of the ancestors to the descendants "– and these words of the outstanding Russian folklorist of the 19th century. F. I. Buslaeva, pronounced by him at a solemn act at Moscow University in 1859, has not lost their relevance today. Turning today to the depths of folk memory, captured in legends and fairy tales, epics and blades, legends and conspiracies, in songs and dances, rituals and rituals, in the traditional art of embroidery, weaving, carving and painting, we willingly or unwillingly plunge into the darkness of centuries and millennia, we are leaving in that distant time when all these forms of folk culture were just emerging. When did this happen?

      N. A. Krinichnaya believes that the prototypes of the characters depicted in the legends and the motives associated with them are formed already in the myth of the totemic ancestor, «the formation of which belongs to the period of early clan society (this is approximately the Middle Paleolithic), that is, 100,000 – 50,000 years ago.

      What time was it and how is it remarkable for the territory of the north of Eastern Europe?

      H. E. Bader, in his work From the Depths of the Paleolithic, writes that already in the Mousterian era, the settlement of human collectives covered vast areas in the north. He believed that it was at this time, during the so-called «Mikulinsky» or Ries-Wurm interglacial, characterized by a relatively warm climate, that people probably first met the Arctic Ocean in northeastern Europe.

      «All the sites of the Middle Paleolithic Mousterian tools stretched along the Western Urals, along the banks of the ancient Pra-Kama River (now the Volga) from Volgograd to the mouths of the Chusovaya, Obva and Vishera, outlined the path along which the ancients traveled, settling in Eastern Europe.»

      And this conclusion seems to be quite logical in the light of the latest paleogeographic data indicating that in the Mikulinskoe interglacial (130,000 – 70,000 years ago) there was no tundra at all in the European north of our country. Up to 65° N mixed spruce and birch forests with hornbeam included, and up to 60° N. there were broad-leaved forests of linden and oak. That is, a wide strip of birch and coniferous forests with the inclusion of oak and elm stretched to the far north along the western tip of the Northern and Subpolar Urals. The average winter temperatures in northern Europe were then much higher than modern ones: in Scandinavia by 7° C, and in the northeast of the Russian Plain by 7—8° and even 11° C.

      Paleogeographers, soil scientists, paleoclimatologists came to the conclusion that «130,000 – 70,000 years ago, conditions typical of the western Atlantic regions of Europe were spread over Eastern Europe. The differences in the climate of Western Europe at present and the Mikulino interglacial, in contrast to Eastern Europe, were small. Moreover, in the Mediterranean-Black Sea zone at some points in winter the temperatures were 1—2° lower than in our time.

      «The warm Artika of the Mikulino interglacial, when January temperatures were 4—8° C higher than modern ones, suggests that the influx of warm waters of the Gulf Stream at that time 3 was much more powerful than now (with a higher temperature),» the authors of the atlas believe – monograph «Palaeography of Europe over the last 100,000 years».

      They note that pine forests were typical for the White Sea region (within the eastern part of the North European archipelago) in the interglacial period, and then mixed birch with spruce and broad-leaved species, and at the end of the interglacial the dominant position passed to birch forests. During the Mikulinsky interglacial period up to about 60° N, and in the basin of the upper reaches of the Northern Dvina and Vyatka up to 57° N. birch and spruce forests were widespread with more or less participation of oak, hornbeam and elm. Therefore, there is nothing unrealistic in the development