Деньги и процент: экономика и этика. Альманах

Читать онлайн.
Название Деньги и процент: экономика и этика
Автор произведения Альманах
Жанр
Серия Новое экономическое мышление
Издательство
Год выпуска 2024
isbn 978-5-93255-664-1



Скачать книгу

подлинность имени автора.

      3

      «Сначала появились те деньги, которые мы называем виртуальными» [Гребер 2021, c. 43]. Деньги – измерение долгов, и потому, как пишет Дэвид Гребер, их никто не изобретал, так же как никто не изобретал математику: деньги – «способ математического сравнения вещей, подобный пропорции» [Гребер 2021, c. 54]. Долг, по логике Гребера, так же, как и по логике Лакана, – «основа общества как такового. Он появился задолго до денег и рынка» [Гребер 2021, c. 58].

      4

      Работа подготовлена при финансовой поддержке РФФИ в рамках научно-исследовательского проекта РФФИ № 19 011 00872 «Философская антропология жертвы: сакрализация, управление, дизайн».

      5

      …the brave army of heretics… who, following their intuitions, have preferred to see the truth obscurely and imperfectly rather than to maintain error, reached indeed with clearness and consistency and by easy logic but on hypotheses inappropriate to the facts [J. M. Keynes, The General Theory of Employment, Interest and Money 1936. P. 371].

      6

      Nuda vita (ит.) – голая жизнь.

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