Химия
Различные книги в жанре ХимияСпецифика взаимодействия тонкого и наноуровней микроструктурной организации веществ и их влияние на свойства материалов. Монография
В книге проанализированы подходы к оценке свойств материалов, показаны их достоинства и недостатки. Рассмотрено состояние вопроса расчета смешанных типов гомо- и гетероядерного химического взаимодействия элементов тонкой структуры материала и роль межмолекулярных взаимодействий в материалах. Исследовано влияние особенностей взаимодействия элементов тонкой структуры в некоторых низко- и высокомолекулярных соединениях и материалах.
Nanobiotechnology in Diagnosis, Drug Delivery and Treatment
Presents nanobiotechnology in drug delivery and disease management Featuring contributions from noted experts in the field, this book highlights recent advances in the nano-based drug delivery systems. It also covers the diagnosis and role of various nanomaterials in the management of infectious diseases and non-infectious disorders, such as cancers and other malignancies and their role in future medicine. Nanobiotechnology in Diagnosis, Drug Delivery and Treatment starts by introducing how nanotechnology has revolutionized drug delivery, diagnosis, and treatments of diseases. It then focuses on the role of various nanocomposites in diagnosis, drug delivery, and treatment of diseases like cancer, Alzheimer's disease, diabetes, and many others. Next, it discusses the application of a variety of nanomaterials in the diagnosis and management of gastrointestinal tract disorders. The book explains the concept of nanotheranostics in detail and its role in effective monitoring of drug response, targeted drug delivery, enhanced drug accumulation in the target tissues, sustained as well as triggered release of drugs, and reduction in adverse effects. Other chapters cover aptamer-incorporated nanoparticle systems; magnetic nanoparticles; theranostics and vaccines; toxicological concerns of nanomaterials used in nanomedicine; and more. Provides a concise overview of state-of-the-art nanomaterials and their application like drug delivery in infectious diseases and non-infectious disorders Highlights recent advances in the nano-based drug delivery systems and role of various nanomaterials Introduces nano-based sensors which detect various pathogens Covers the use of nanodevices in diagnostics and theranostics Nanobiotechnology in Diagnosis, Drug Delivery and Treatment is an ideal book for researchers and scientists working in various disciplines such as microbiology, biotechnology, nanotechnology, pharmaceutical biotechnology, pharmacology, pharmaceutics, and nanomedicine.
Oil-in-Water Nanosized Emulsions for Drug Delivery and Targeting
This book combines emulsion knowledge into a single, comprehensive volume, ideal for professionals and students involved in the areas of pharmaceutical science who are looking to learn about this emergent research concept.<br /><br /> <ul> <li>Compiles the step-by-step investigations made concerning the potential of nanosized emulsions on both drug delivery and drug targeting areas by different group of scientists in various laboratories across the world</li> <li>Inverts the common nano-emulsions coverage trend of focusing on focused on the particulate system itself, instead exploring the way to turn nanosized emulsions as biomedical tool, as well as, treating the in vitro and in vivo aspects after administration</li> <li>Provides an overview of the current state-of-the art regarding the development of tocol emulsions, emulsion adjuvants in immunization research, oxygen-carrying emulsions (called as fluorocarbon emulsion) and emulsions for delivering drugs to nasal and topical (ocular and transdermal) routes</li> </ul>
Physikalische Chemie
D er «große Atkins» ist und bleibt ein Muss für jeden Studierenden, der mit physikalischer Chemie zu tun hat. Wie immer didaktisch brillant präsentieren Peter Atkins und Julio de Paula die gesamte Bandbreite dieses faszinierenden Fachs. Für die neue Auflage wurde der Inhalt noch einmal komplett überarbeitet und dabei stärker auf die Anwendungen der physikalischen Chemie und ihre Bedeutung für andere Fachgebiete ausgerichtet. Was ist neu? Ein einführendes Kapitel zu den Grundlagen fasst wichtige chemische und physikalische Schlüsselprinzipien zusammen. Ein abschließendes Kapitel über Katalyse trägt der gestiegenen Bedeutung dieses Themas für alle chemischen Prozesse Rechnung. Aspekte der Modellierung und der Computerchemie sowie der Materialwissenschaft sind jetzt verstärkt in das Buch integriert. Zusatzinformationen und Mathematische Exkurse mit den Herleitungen wichtiger Gleichungen vertiefen das Gelernte. Die Zusammenfassung der Lernziele am Anfang eines Kapitels ( Das Wichtigste in Kürze ) und der wichtigsten Gleichungen am Kapitelende ( Die wichtigsten Gleichungen auf einen Blick ) erleichtern das Wiederholen der Lerninhalte. Der Tabellenanhang mit vielen nützlichen Stoffdaten wurde konsolidiert und ist nun wesentlich übersichtlicher. Was wurde beibehalten? Alle Grafiken sind in Farbe und in einem einheitlichen Stil gestaltet. Rechenbeispiele mit kommentiertem Lösungsweg und dazugehörigen Übungsaufgaben zeigen wie es geht. Diskussionsfragen , Leichte und Schwere Aufgaben zur jedem der Kapitel ermöglichen eine Verständniskontrolle und erleichtern das Einüben des Gelernten. Eine elektronische Version des Buches mit online-Zusatzmaterial ist auf der e-Learning-Plattform WileyPlus erhältlich. Begleitmaterial für Dozenten verfügbar unter www.wiley-vch.de/textbooks
Introduction to Desalination
One book dealing with the fundamentals of thermal and membrane desalination systems and discussing their economical as well as environmental aspects. <br> <br> With a growing population, climate change and greater water demand, desalination has increasingly become a part of the solution to regional water scarcity – seawater desalination capacity has roughly doubled in the past ten years. Desalination has also begun to receive more attention in academia, with research focusing on improving energy efficiency and system robustness and lowering capital costs.<br> <br> With this book, an introduction is given to the basics and fundamentals of desalination systems. Both, thermal and membrane desalination systems, are covered and discussed in view of energy, exergy, economic and environmental aspects. In the beginning, Introduction to Desalination: Systems, Processes and Environmental Impacts describes multi effect evaporation, vapor compression and multi-stage flashing. Further chapters deal with common membrane-based separations like reverse osmosis and membrane filtration, forward osmosis, diffusion dialysis and pervaporation as well as thermo-osmosis, electrodialysis and electrodeionization. Subsequently, hybrid systems are discussed, and the economic analysis of such systems and their environmental impact are highlighted. Each chapter contains theoretical and practical examples and concludes with questions and problems for self-study.<br> <br> * Needed: Desalination has become a part of the solution to regional water scarcity and an introductory book in this field is urgently needed.<br> <br> * Balanced Approach: Presents the fundamentals of thermal and membrane desalination systems.<br> <br> * Learning Material: Each chapter includes exercises for self-study and Instructors can find teaching material online.<br> <br> Introduction to Desalination: Systems, Processes and Environmental Impacts is an important resource for master's students in engineering sciences, lecturers in chemical and mechanical engineering, engineers, environmental chemists, as well as process engineers, engineering scientists in industry, and environmental consultants.<br> <br> <br>
Mathematics for Enzyme Reaction Kinetics and Reactor Performance
Mathematics for Enzyme Reaction Kinetics and Reactor Performance is the first set in a unique 11 volume-collection on Enzyme Reactor Engineering . This two volume-set relates specifically to the wide mathematical background required for systematic and rational simulation of both reaction kinetics and reactor performance; and to fully understand and capitalize on the modelling concepts developed. It accordingly reviews basic and useful concepts of Algebra (first volume), and Calculus and Statistics (second volume). A brief overview of such native algebraic entities as scalars, vectors, matrices and determinants constitutes the starting point of the first volume; the major features of germane functions are then addressed. Vector operations ensue, followed by calculation of determinants. Finally, exact methods for solution of selected algebraic equations – including sets of linear equations, are considered, as well as numerical methods for utilization at large. The second volume begins with an introduction to basic concepts in calculus, i.e. limits, derivatives, integrals and differential equations; limits, along with continuity, are further expanded afterwards, covering uni- and multivariate cases, as well as classical theorems. After recovering the concept of differential and applying it to generate (regular and partial) derivatives, the most important rules of differentiation of functions, in explicit, implicit and parametric form, are retrieved – together with the nuclear theorems supporting simpler manipulation thereof. The book then tackles strategies to optimize uni- and multivariate functions, before addressing integrals in both indefinite and definite forms. Next, the book touches on the methods of solution of differential equations for practical applications, followed by analytical geometry and vector calculus. Brief coverage of statistics–including continuous probability functions, statistical descriptors and statistical hypothesis testing, brings the second volume to a close.
Organic Structures from Spectra
The derivation of structural information from spectroscopic data is now an integral part of organic chemistry courses at all Universities. A critical part of any such course is a suitable set of problems to develop the students’ understanding of how organic structures are determined from spectra. The book builds on the very successful teaching philosophy of learning by hands-on problem solving; carefully graded examples build confidence and develop and consolidate a student’s understanding of organic spectroscopy. Organic Structures from Spectra, 6th Edition is a carefully chosen set of about 250 structural problems employing the major modern spectroscopic techniques, including Mass Spectrometry, 1D and 2D 13C and 1H NMR Spectroscopy and Infrared Spectroscopy. There are 25 problems specifically dealing with the interpretation of spin–spin coupling in proton NMR spectra and 10 problems based on the quantitative analysis of mixtures using proton and carbon NMR spectroscopy. The accompanying text is descriptive and only explains the underlying theory at a level that is sufficient to tackle the problems. The text includes condensed tables of characteristic spectral properties covering the frequently encountered functional groups. The examples themselves have been selected to include all important structural features and to emphasise connectivity arguments and stereochemistry. Many of the compounds were synthesised specifically for this book. In this collection, there are many additional easy problems designed to build confidence and to demonstrate basic principles. The Sixth Edition of this popular textbook: now incorporates many new problems using 2D NMR spectra (C–H Correlation spectroscopy, HMBC, COSY, NOESY and TOCSY); has been expanded and updated to reflect the new developments in NMR spectroscopy; has an additional 40 carefully selected basic problems; provides a set of problems dealing specifically with the quantitative analysis of mixtures using NMR spectroscopy; features proton NMR spectra obtained at 200, 400 and 600 MHz and 13C NMR spectra including routine 2D C–H correlation, HMBC spectra and DEPT spectra; contains a selection of problems in the style of the experimental section of a research paper; includes examples of fully worked solutions in the appendix; has a complete set of solutions available to instructors and teachers from the authors. Organic Structures from Spectra, Sixth Edition will prove invaluable for students of Chemistry, Pharmacy and Biochemistry taking a first course in Organic Chemistry.
Laboratory Control System Operations in a GMP Environment
Develop an understanding of FDA and global regulatory agency requirements for Laboratory Control System (LCS) operations In Laboratory Control System Operations in a GMP Environment , readers are given the guidance they need to implement a CGMP compliant Laboratory Control System (LCS) that fits within Global Regulatory guidelines. Using the Quality Systems Approach, regulatory agencies like the FDA and the European Medicine Agency have developed a scheme of systems for auditing pharmaceutical manufacturing facilities which includes evaluating the LCS. In this guide, readers learn the fundamental rules for operating a CGMP compliant Laboratory Control System. Designed to help leaders meet regulatory standards and operate more efficiently, the text includes chapters that cover Laboratory Equipment Qualification and Calibration, Laboratory Facilities, Method Validation and Method Transfer, Laboratory Computer Systems, Laboratory Investigations as well as Data Governance and Data Integrity. The text also includes chapters related to Laboratory Managerial and Administrative Systems, Laboratory Documentation Practices and Standard Operating Procedures and General Laboratory Compliance Practices. Additionally, a chapter outlining Stability Program operations is included in the text. In addition to these topics, it includes LCS information and tools such as: ● End of chapter templates, checklists, and LCS guidance to help you follow the required standards ● Electronic versions of each tool so users can use them outside of the text ● An In-depth understanding of what is required by the FDA and other globally significant regulatory authorities for GMP compliant systems For quality assurance professionals working within the pharmaceutical or biopharma industries, this text provides the insight and tools necessary to implement government-defined regulations.
The Chemistry of Environmental Engineering
The focus of this book is the chemistry of environmental engineering and its applications, with a special emphasis on the use of polymers in this field. It explores the creation and use of polymers with special properties such as viscoelasticity and interpenetrating networks; examples of which include the creation of polymer-modified asphalt as well as polymers with bacterial adhesion properties. The text contains the issues of polymerization methods, recycling methods, wastewater treatment, types of contaminants, such as microplastics, organic dyes, and pharmaceutical residues. After a detailed overview of polymers in Chapter 1, their special properties are discussed in the following chapter. Among the topics is the importance of polymers to water purification procedures, since their use in the formation of reverse osmosis membranes do not show biofouling. Chapter 3 details special processing methods, such as atom transfer radical polymerization, enzymatic polymerization, plasma treatment, and several other methods, can be used to meet the urgent demands of industrial applications. Chapter 4 addresses the important environmental issue of recycling methods as they relate to several types of materials such as PET bottles, tire rubbers, asphalt compositions, and other engineering resins. And wastewater treatment is detailed in Chapter 5, in which the types of contaminants, such as microplastics, organic dyes and pharmaceutical residues, are described and special methods for their proper removal are detailed along with types of adsorbents, including biosorbents. Still another important issue for environmental engineering chemistry is pesticides. Chapter 6 is a thorough description of the development and fabrication of special sensors for the detection of certain pesticides. A detailed presentation of the electrical uses of polymer-based composites is given in Chapter 7, which include photovoltaic materials, solar cells, energy storage and dielectric applications, light-emitting polymers, and fast-charging batteries. And recent issues relating to food engineering, such as food ingredient tracing, protein engineering, biosensors and electronic tongues, are presented in Chapter 8. Finally, polymers used for medical applications are described in Chapter 9. These applications include drug delivery, tissue engineering, porous coatings and also the special methods used to fabricate such materials.