Nietzsche Friedrich
Список книг автора Nietzsche FriedrichHuman, All Too Human - The Original Classic Edition
Nietzsche is often said to have entered a new period with the publication of Human All Too Human and the book is considerably more positivistic than his earlier writings. It aims at debunking unwarranted assumptions more than at defending a grand interpretation of its own, and it marks the high point of Nietzsches interest in, and applause for, natural science. <p> Nietzsche describes what he means by free spirits in the preface to the second edition of Human All Too Human. Free spirits contrast with the typical human being of his era, who was, as the title suggests, all too human. Free spirits in contrast, are ideal companions that do not yet exist but may appear in the future. They are those who have freed themselves from the chains of the dominant culture, even from the bonds of reverence for those things they once found most praiseworthy. The dangerous period of the free spirit is introduced by the desire to flee whatever has been ones previous spiritual world, a desire that leads to a reconsideration of matters that previously had been taken for granted. The ultimate aim of this liberation is independent self-mastery and supreme health in a life of continual experimentation and adventure. <p> Human All Too Human is the first published work in which Nietzsche defends his famed perspectivism, the view that truths are one and all interpretations are thus formulated from particular perspectives. This perspectivism figures importantly in his debunking critique of morality which is first presented in Human All Too Human. Nietzsche denies that morality is anything but perspectival. Contrary to the claims of moralists, morality is not inherent in or determined by reality. It is, in fact, the invention of human beings. Moreover, morality has not been the same in every culture and at every time. Nietzsche explicitly contrasts Christian and Greek moral thought, typically claiming that Greek thought had been vastly superior. <p> Nietzsche, himself, considered the book a breakthrough because it openly articulated his unconventional conclusions for the first time. It also sealed the break with Richard Wagner, who received the book in silence. Nietzsche also considered himself to have moved far beyond Schopenhauerian metaphysics at this point in his life. <p> Human All Too Human was also the first of Nietzsches published aphoristic works, where prior publications had been in the form of essays or similarly structured works.
The Antichrist - The Original Classic Edition
Nietzches The Anti-Christ was one of the last books Nietzsche wrote before the onset of his insanity in 1888. Unlike many of Nietzsches other books, which raise tantalizing questions and examine experience from a variety of angles, some of them contradictory, The Anti-Christ is a relatively straightforward presentation of Nietzsches critique of Christianity. Contrary to what many think, Nietzsche did not advocate the general abolition of Christianity. He thought it served the needs of the majority of people quite well, but believed it had psychologically destructive effects on the minority of people in a society who were most capable of intellectual, artistic, and other achievement. <p> Mencken was one of the great American prose stylists of the Century, and, as one would expect, his translation of The Anti-Christ is an outstanding read. I happen to think it is a far better read than R.J. Hollingdales translation, which is the one most often used by scholars and students. Whether it is more or less faithful to Nietzsches original is a question I cannot answer, not being sufficiently fluent in German. <p> In any event, its great to see Menckens much-neglected 1917 translation back in print.
Thus Spake Zarathustra - The Original Classic Edition
Thus Spoke Zarathustra: A Book for All and None (German: Also sprach Zarathustra: Ein Buch für Alle und Keinen) is a philosophical novel by German philosopher Friedrich Nietzsche, composed in four parts between 1883 and 1885. Much of the work deals with ideas such as the eternal recurrence of the same, the parable on the death of God, and the prophecy of the Übermensch, which were first introduced in The Gay Science. <p> Described by Nietzsche himself as the deepest ever written, the book is a dense and esoteric treatise on philosophy and morality, featuring as protagonist a fictionalized prophet descending from his mountain retreat to mankind, Zarathustra. A central irony of the text is that Nietzsche mimics the style of the Bible in order to present ideas which fundamentally oppose Christian and Jewish morality and tradition.
