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      A SKEIN OF THOUGHT

       A SKEIN OF THOUGHT

       THE IRELAND AT FORDHAMHUMANITARIAN LECTURE SERIES

      Edited by

      Brendan Cahill

      Johanna Lawton

      In collaboration with the

      Permanent Mission of Ireland to the United Nations

      with funding from the Government of Ireland.

      Refuge Press, New York, 2020

      Copyright ©2020

      The Center for International Humanitarian Cooperation

      Fordham University IHA Book Series

      All rights reserved.

      No part of this book may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and recording, or by any information storage and retrieval system without permission in writing from the publishers.

      ISBN#13: 978-0-8232-9367-4 (Hard Cover)

      ISBN#13: 978-0-8232-9368-1 (Paperback)

      ISBN#13: 978-0-8232-9366-7 (ePub)

      All royalties from this book go to the training of humanitarian workers.

      Edited by: Brendan Cahill and Johanna Lawton

      Book and Cover Design: Mauro Sarri

      Printed in the United States of America.

       Table of Contents

      Preface Ambassador Geraldine Byrne Nason, Permanent Representative of Ireland to the United Nations

      Introduction Brendan Cahill

      How Climate, Gender and Insecurity Are Driving Food Insecurity and Humanitarian Need H.E. Mary Robinson

      Humanitarianism and the Public Intellectual in Times of Crisis H.E. President Michael D. Higgins

      The Trust Deficit in Humanitarian Action Dr. Jemilah Mahmood

      The Sustainable Development Goals and Common Values: A Vital Framework for Humanitarian Action Vice Admiral Mark Mellett DSM, PhD

      Humanitarian Access Jamie McGoldrick

      Conflict and Hunger Dr. Caitriona Dowd

      The Conflict of Hunger Matthew Hollingworth and Anne-Laure Duval

      Concluding Lecture Tánaiste Simon Coveney, TD

       About

       Contributing Authors

       Endnotes

       Preface

       Geraldine Byrne Nason

       Permanent Representative of Ireland to the UN

      Welcome to the compendium of lectures of the ‘Ireland at Fordham Humanitarian Lecture Series’. The Permanent Mission of Ireland has been proud to collaborate with Fordham University’s Institute of International Humanitarian Affairs, in a partnership that speaks to Ireland’s profile as a leader in international development and humanitarian action, as well as Fordham’s commitment to distinguished research and education.

      Over the last 18 months, our collaboration has built upon our shared commitment to exploring the challenges facing policy makers and humanitarian actors working to get aid to the most vulnerable people on our planet, often in the most hard to reach places. COVID-19 has made their job even more difficult. Throughout this lecture series, we have had the honour to hear from a range of eminent speakers, who addressed both established and emerging issues in the humanitarian field.

      On this journey, we explored the challenges facing policy makers and humanitarians as they deliver life-saving support and protection to people in need. Addresses by H.E. Mary Robinson, Chair of The Elders and the first woman elected President of Ireland; President Michael D. Higgins; Dr. Jemilah Mahmood, at the time Under-Secretary General at the International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies; Chief of the Defence Forces, Vice Admiral Mark Mellett; United Nations Resident Coordinator, Jamie McGoldrick; Dr. Caitriona Dowd; WFP’s Matthew Hollingworth; and Tánaiste and Minister for Foreign Affairs and Trade, Simon Coveney, T.D., raised issues including the intersection between humanitarian action and climate justice, activism and the public intellectual, trust and localisation, peacekeeping, humanitarian access, and conflict and hunger.

      Since the inaugural lecture by President Mary Robinson at the United Nations in May 2019, we have witnessed the nature of humanitarian need rapidly changing. Conflicts have become more protracted and societies are faced with new and emerging threats such as the devastating impact of COVID-19. As each of our eight lectures demonstrate, we must adapt and improve the delivery of humanitarian assistance to help those in need without delay as humanitarian crises become more and more complex. It is our collective responsibility to ensure the full respect for international humanitarian law in all contexts. Moreover, as is argued with clear conviction in all lectures, it is crucial that humanitarian workers are given the access and support necessary to provide vital assistance to those who need it most.

      This series brings an Irish perspective to exploring some of these challenges and how they affect policy makers and humanitarians as they seek to ensure aid reaches those in need, humanitarian principles are upheld, and civilians are protected. Listening to the expert voices of practitioners with first hand experience, the lecture series has helped to inform Ireland’s understanding of how these humanitarian issues, arising with ever greater frequency and urgency, interact with the work of the United Nations Security Council, to which we hope to be elected for the term 2021–2022.

      Ireland has long been a leader in humanitarian response, from our missionaries to our current steadfast support for the global humanitarian system with the UN at its centre.

      I recall the words of President Mary Robinson in her lecture, “If we all fail to act now; if we fail to act decisively; if we fail to act together; future generations will never forgive us for the world that we bequeath them.” Ireland is committed to a values-based foreign policy, with principled humanitarian action at its very core. Our response to crisis is underpinned by a strong commitment to international humanitarian law and the provision of predictable, flexible, and timely funding, based on the humanitarian principles of independence, neutrality, impartiality, and humanity. These principles ensure that humanitarian assistance is targeted, based on need, and provided without discrimination.

      The humanitarian system is an essential pillar of the effective multilateralism to which Ireland is committed. As humanitarian needs increase we need to redouble our support to the current system while looking at how we can prevent needs from arising in the first place, through investments in prevention and development. Reducing