Transported to Botany Bay. Dorice Williams Elliott

      

      Transported to Botany Bay

      Series in Victorian Studies

      Series editors: Joseph McLaughlin and Elizabeth Carolyn Miller

      Katherine D. Harris, Forget Me Not: The Rise of the British Literary Annual, 1823–1835

      Rebecca Rainof, The Victorian Novel of Adulthood: Plot and Purgatory in Fictions of Maturity

      Erika Wright, Reading for Health: Medical Narratives and the Nineteenth-Century Novel

      Daniel Bivona and Marlene Tromp, editors, Culture and Money in the Nineteenth Century: Abstracting Economics

      Anna Maria Jones and Rebecca N. Mitchell, editors, Drawing on the Victorians: The Palimpsest of Victorian and Neo-Victorian Graphic Texts

      Mary Elizabeth Leighton and Lisa Surridge, The Plot Thickens: Illustrated Victorian Serial Fiction from Dickens to Du Maurier

      Dorice Williams Elliott, Transported to Botany Bay: Class, National Identity, and the Literary Figure of the Australian Convict

      Melisa Klimaszewski, Collaborative Dickens: Authorship and Victorian Christmas Periodicals

      Transported to Botany Bay

      CLASS, NATIONAL IDENTITY, AND THE LITERARY FIGURE OF THE AUSTRALIAN CONVICT

      DORICE WILLIAMS ELLIOTT

      OHIO UNIVERSITY PRESS

      ATHENS

      Ohio University Press, Athens, Ohio 45701

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      © 2019 by Ohio University Press

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      Cover art: “Convicts embarking for Botany Bay,” by T. Rowlandson.

       Courtsesy National Library of Australia

      Cover design by Beth Pratt

      Printed in the United States of America

      Ohio University Press books are printed on acid-free paper ™

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       Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data

      Names: Elliott, Dorice Williams, 1951- author.

      Title: Transported to Botany Bay : class, national identity, and the literary figure of the Australian convict / Dorice Williams Elliott.

      Description: Athens : Ohio University Press, [2019] | Series: Series in Victorian studies | Includes bibliographical references and index.

      Identifiers: LCCN 2018058620| ISBN 9780821423622 (hc : alk. paper) | ISBN 9780821446690 (pdf)

      Subjects: LCSH: English fiction--18th century--History and criticism. | Exiles in literature. | Prisoners in literature. | Penal colonies in literature. | Australia--In literature.

      Classification: LCC PR858.E97 E45 2019 | DDC 823/.509--dc23

      LC record available at https://lccn.loc.gov/2018058620

      To Brooke, Jane, and Colin

      CONTENTS

       List of Illustrations

       Acknowledgments

       Introduction

       Convict Transportation to Australia

       National Identity and Social Class

       The Transported Convict as a Guarantor of Ideal Englishness

       Imagining an Australian Identity

       The Literary Figure of the Convict in Australia

       ONE: Dickens and the Transported Convict

       Great Expectations

       Household Words

       TWO: Englishness and the Working Class in Transportation Broadsides

       The Cultural Work of the Broadsides

       Broadside Ballads and Their Tunes

       The Visual Impact of the Broadsides

       Full-Sheet Broadsides and Levels of Literacy

       The (Mistaken) Land of Exile

       THREE: Writing Convicts and Hybrid Genres

       The Memoirs of James Hardy Vaux

       Convict-Authored Novels

       Quintus Servinton

       Ralph Rashleigh

       FOUR: The Transported Convict Novel

       The English Convict Novel as a Genre

       The Working-Class Woman Convict: The History of Margaret Catchpole

       G. P. R. James’s The Convict: A Tale

       Charles Reade’s It Is Never Too Late to Mend

       FIVE: Convict Servants and Genteel Mistresses in Women’s Convict Fiction

       George Eliot’s Adam Bede

       Mary Vidal and “The Convict Laundress”

       Caroline Leakey’s The Broad Arrow

       Eliza Winstanley’s For Her Natural Life

       SIX: After Transportation: Three Approaches

       Marcus Clarke’s His Natural Life

       Rosa Praed’s Policy and Passion: A Novel of Australian Life

       Anthony Trollope’s Harry Heathcote of Gangoil