Sanitized Sex. Robert Kramm

      

      Sanitized Sex

      ASIA PACIFIC MODERN

      Takashi Fujitani, Series Editor

      1.Erotic Grotesque Nonsense: The Mass Culture of Japanese Modern Times, by Miriam Silverberg

      2.Visuality and Identity: Sinophone Articulations across the Pacific, by Shu-mei Shih

      3.The Politics of Gender in Colonial Korea: Education, Labor, and Health, 1910–1945, by Theodore Jun Yoo

      4.Frontier Constitutions: Christianity and Colonial Empire in the Nineteenth-Century Philippines, by John D. Blanco

      5.Tropics of Savagery: The Culture of Japanese Empire in Comparative Frame, by Robert Thomas Tierney

      6.Colonial Project, National Game: A History of Baseball in Taiwan, by Andrew D. Morris

      7.Race for Empire: Koreans as Japanese and Japanese as Americans during World War II, by T. Fujitani

      8.The Gender of Memory: Rural Women and China’s Collective Past, by Gail Hershatter

      9.A Passion for Facts: Social Surveys and the Construction of the Chinese Nation-State, 1900–1949, by Tong Lam

      11.Redacted: The Archives of Censorship in Transwar Japan, by Jonathan E. Abel

      12.Assimilating Seoul: Japanese Rule and the Politics of Public Space in Colonial Korea, 1910–1945, by Todd A. Henry

      13.Working Skin: Making Leather, Making a Multicultural Japan, by Joseph D. Hankins

      14.Imperial Genus: The Formation and Limits of the Human in Modern Korea and Japan, by Travis Workman

      15.Sanitized Sex: Regulating Prostitution, Venereal Disease, and Intimacy in Occupied Japan, 1945–1952, by Robert Kramm

      Sanitized Sex

      Regulating Prostitution, Venereal

      Disease, and Intimacy in Occupied

      Japan, 1945–1952

      Robert Kramm

      UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA PRESS

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      University of California Press

      Oakland, California

      © 2017 by Robert Kramm

      Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data

      Names: Kramm, Robert, author.

      Title: Sanitized sex : regulating prostitution, venereal

      disease, and intimacy in occupied Japan, 1945–1952 /

      Robert Kramm.

      Description: Oakland, California : University of

      California Press, [2017] | Series: Asia Pacific Modern;

      15 | Includes bibliographical references and index. |

      Identifiers: LCCN 2017013716 (print) | LCCN 2017016883

      (ebook) | ISBN 9780520968691 (ebook) |

      ISBN 9780520295971 (cloth : alk. paper)

      Subjects: LCSH: Prostitutes—Legal status, laws, etc.—

      Japan—History—20th century. | Japan—History—

      Allied occupation, 1945–1952—Social aspects. |

      Sexually transmitted diseases—Japan—Prevention—

      History—20th century. | Sex-oriented businesses—

      Japan—History—20th century. | Soldiers—Sexual

      behavior—Japan. | Soldiers—Sexual behavior—United

      States.

      Classification: LCC HQ247.A5 (ebook) | LCC HQ247.A5

      K73 2017 (print) | DDC 363.4/409520904—dc23

      LC record available at https://lccn.loc.gov/2017013716

      Manufactured in the United States of America

      26 25 24 23 22 21 20 19 18 17

      10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1

       For Pauline

      Contents

       List of Illustrations

       Acknowledgments

       Introduction

       1 Comforting the Occupiers: Prostitution as Administrative Practice in Japan at the End of World War II

       2 Security: Policing Prostitution and Venereal Disease in Occupied Japan

       3 Health: Preventing, Diagnosing, and Treating Venereal Disease

       4 Morale: Character Guidance and Moral Purification

       Epilogue

       Notes

       Bibliography

       Index

Illustrations

      1.Entrance to a prophylactic station in Kyoto, 1947

      2.Inside a prophylactic station, 1947: sink, anti-VD poster “Tokyo Rose has Thorns,” and visuals of venereal infections

      3.Condoms, pro kits, and chemical prophylaxis in a prophylactic station, 1947

      4.Arrangement of “hybrid toilets,” sanitary products, instruction boards, and anti-VD poster in a pro station in Kyoto, 1947

      5.U.S. Far East Command’s lecture material: “There’s a family in your future,” 1950

      6.U.S. Far East Command’s lecture material: “Mr. United States,” 1950

      7.Takekawa Masayuki’s photograph “Tenraku” (“Degeneration”), 1949

      8.Map of Ueno Park’s sex work scene drawn by Ōtani Susumu, 1948

      9.Map of sex work scene in Ueno Park and around Ueno Station drawn by Kanzaki Kiyoshi, 1949

      10.Cartoon by Bill Hume: “Babysan” is waving goodbye, 1953

Acknowledgments

      Many people have supported me along the way of conceptualizing, writing, and finishing this book. It derives from my doctoral dissertation submitted to ETH Zurich in 2015, and I would like to thank my thesis advisers Harald Fischer-Tiné, Tak Fujitani, and Martin Dusinberre for the guidance, encouragement, and constructive critique they offered me over the years. I am extremely grateful to You Jae Lee at the University of Tübingen, who gently guided me through the early stages of my doctoral research and also provided strong personal and institutional support to accomplish