A Book of Irish Verse. Various

Johnson and Mrs. Hinkson are both Catholic and devout, but Mr. Lionel Johnson's poetry is lofty and austere, and, like Mr. de Vere's, never long forgets the greatness of his Church and the interior life whose expression it is, while Mrs. Hinkson is happiest when she embodies emotions, that have the innocence of childhood, in symbols and metaphors from the green world about her. She has no reverie nor speculation, but a devout tenderness like that of S. Francis for weak instinctive things, old gardeners, old fishermen, birds among the leaves, birds tossed upon the waters. Miss Hopper belongs to that school of writers which embodies passions, that are not the less spiritual because no Church has put them into prayers, in stories and symbols from old Celtic poetry and mythology. The poetry of A.E., at its best, finds its symbols and its stories in the soul itself, and has a more disembodied ecstasy than any poetry of our time. He is the chief poet of the school of Irish mystics, which has shaped Mr. Charles Weekes, who published recently, but withdrew immediately, a curious and subtle book, and Mr. John Eglinton, who is best known for the orchestral harmonies of his 'Two Essays on the Remnant,' and certain younger writers who have heard the words, 'If ye know these things, happy are ye if ye do them,' and thought the labours that bring the mystic vision more important than the labours of any craft.

      Except some few Catholic and mystical poets and Prof. Dowden in one or two poems, no Irishman living in Ireland has sung excellently of any but a theme from Irish experience, Irish history, or Irish tradition. Trinity College, which desires to be English, has been the mother of many verse-writers and of few poets; and this can only be because she has set herself against the national genius, and taught her children to imitate alien styles and choose out alien themes, for it is not possible to believe that the educated Irishman alone is prosaic and uninventive. Her few poets have been awakened by the influence of the farm-labourers, potato-diggers, pedlars, and hedge-schoolmasters of the eighteenth century, and their imitators in this, and not by a scholastic life, which, for reasons easy for all to understand and for many to forgive, has refused the ideals of Ireland, while those of England are but far-off murmurs. An enemy to all enthusiasms, because all enthusiasms seemed her enemies, she has taught her children to look neither to the world about them, nor into their own souls where some dangerous fire might slumber.

      To remember that in Ireland the professional and landed classes have been through the mould of Trinity College or of English Universities, and are ignorant of the very names of the best writers in this book, is to know how strong a wind blows from the ancient legends of Ireland, how vigorous an impulse to create is in her heart to-day. Deserted by the classes from among whom have come the bulk of the world's intellect, she struggles on, gradually ridding herself of incoherence and triviality, and slowly building up a literature in English which, whether important or unimportant, grows always more unlike others; nor does it seem as if she would long lack a living literature in Gaelic, for the movement for the preservation of Gaelic, which has been so much more successful than anybody foresaw, has already its poets. Dr. Hyde, who can only be represented here by some of his beautiful translations, has written Gaelic poems which pass from mouth to mouth in the west of Ireland. The country people have themselves fitted them to ancient airs, and many that can neither read nor write, sing them in Donegal and Connemara and Galway. I have, indeed, but little doubt that Ireland, communing with herself in Gaelic more and more, but speaking to foreign countries in English, will lead many that are sick with theories and with trivial emotion, to some sweet well-waters of primeval poetry.

      W.B.Y.

      The editor thanks Mr. Aubrey de Vere, Mr. T.W. Rolleston, Dr. J. Todhunter, Mr. Alfred Perceval Graves, Dr. Douglas Hyde, Mr. Lionel Johnson, A.E., Mr. Charles Weekes, Mr. John Eglinton, Mrs. Hinkson, Miss Dora Sigerson (Mrs. Clement Shortes), and Miss Nora Hopper for permission to quote from their poems, Lady Ferguson and Mrs. Allingham for leave to give poems by Sir Samuel Ferguson and William Allingham, and Messrs Chatto & Windus for permission to include a song of Arthur O'Shaughnessy's. Two writers are excluded whom he would gladly have included—Casey, because the copyright holders have refused permission, and Mr. George Armstrong, because his 'Songs of Wicklow,' when interesting, are too long for this book.

OLD AGE

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      From the 'Deserted Village'

      In all my wanderings round this world of care,

       In all my griefs—and God has given my share—

       I still had hopes my later hours to crown,

       Amidst these humble bowers to lay me down;

       To husband out life's taper at the close

       And keep the flame from wasting by repose;

       I still had hopes, for pride attends us still,

       Amidst the swains to show my book-learned skill,

       Around my fire an evening group to draw,

       And tell of all I felt, and all I saw;

       And, as a hare whom hounds and horns pursue,

       Pants to the place from whence at first he flew,

       I still had hopes, my long vexations past,

       Here to return—and die at home at last.

      Oliver Goldsmith

THE VILLAGE PREACHER

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      From the 'Deserted Village'

      Near yonder copse, where once the garden smil'd,

       And still where many a garden flower grows wild;

       There, where a few torn shrubs the place disclose,

       The village Preacher's modest mansion rose.

       A man he was to all the country dear,

       And passing rich with forty pounds a year;

       Remote from towns he ran his godly race,

       Nor e'er had changed, nor wish'd to change, his place;

       Unpractis'd he to fawn, or seek for power,

       By doctrines fashion'd to the varying hour;

       Far other aims his heart had learn'd to prize,

       More skill'd to raise the wretched than to rise.

       His house was known to all the vagrant train,

       He chid their wanderings, but reliev'd their pain;

       The long-remember'd beggar was his guest,

       Whose beard descending swept his aged breast;

       The ruined spendthrift, now no longer proud,

       Claimed kindred there, and had his claims allow'd;

       The broken soldier, kindly bade to stay,

       Sat by his fire, and talked the night away;

       Wept o'er his wounds, or tales of sorrow done,

       Shouldered his crutch, and showed how fields were won.

       Pleased with his guests, the good man learned to glow,

       And quite forgot their vices in their woe;

       Careless their merits or their faults to scan,

       He pity gave ere charity began.

      Oliver Goldsmith

THE DESERTER'S MEDITATION

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      If sadly thinking, with spirits sinking,

       Could, more than drinking, my cares compose,

       A cure for sorrow from sighs I'd borrow,

       And hope to-morrow